EL 1

Question 1

what are the conditions needed for nuclear fusion and what is it?

Answer 1

2 lighter nuclei fusing together to form 1 heavier nuclei (new element)
high temperature
high pressure
needed to overcome positive repulsive forces
release large amounts of energy

Question 2

what is an isotope?

Answer 2

same element different mass number (top number)
different number of neutrons
can use mass spectrometry to find RAM of elements and compounds
react similarly since they have the same number of electrons
the abundance of an isotope= how common it is

Question 3

what is mass spectrometry?

Answer 3

measures atomic mass of different particles in a sample and the relative abundance of isotopes in an element
atoms are ionised to positive cations
ions are separated by mass to charge ratio
ions detected together with relative abundance

Question 4

what are the sub atomic particles charge location and mass?

Answer 4

proton
mass= 1
charge= +1
location= nucleus

neutron
mass= 1
charge= 0
location= nucleus

electron
mass= 1/2000
charge= -1
location= around nucleus

Question 5

what happens when two iron nuclei fuse together (heavy weight star)

Answer 5

absorb the energy (none is released)
supernova occurs

Question 6

what is the mass number and atomic number

Answer 6

mass number is bigger number (protons and neutrons)
atomic number is the smaller number (protons)

Question 7

nuclear fusion example

Answer 7

1 2 3
H + H = He + y
1 1 2
y = energy release

Question 8

features of heavy weight stars

Answer 8

-heavier elements nearest centre (iron)
-absorb energy when 2 iron nuclei fuse together
-becomes unstable when core is mostly iron and explodes
supernova happens
-high temp and pressure (heavier elements made in nuclear fusion)

Question 9

features of lightweight stars

Answer 9

keep shining until all hydrogen is used up and core stops producing energy
no supernova
sun will expand and swallow other planets