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Clin Lab II > EKGs > Flashcards

EKGs Flashcards

1
Q

identify the marked areas

A

QRS complex, S wave, QT interval

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2
Q

Measure the following (in sec): PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval

A

PR interval= 280 msec, QRS complex= 80 msec, QT interval=320 ms

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3
Q

Calculate the rate

A

84- regular

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4
Q

Calculate the rate

A

108-irregular

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5
Q

Name the rhythm

A

V tach

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6
Q

Name the rhythm

A

can’t differentiate P and T wave so it is either SVT or AVNRT

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7
Q

Name the rhythm

A

V fib

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8
Q

Name the rhythm

A

Torsades-give magnesium

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9
Q

Name the rhythm

A

a flutter (4:1)

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10
Q

Name the rhythm

A

irregularly irregular- atrial fib

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11
Q

Name the rhythm

A

2nd degree TII or Weneckbach

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12
Q

Name the rhythm

A

NSR w/ pause sinus pause.

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13
Q

how long is the pause

A

4 secs

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14
Q

Name the rhythm

A

a fib with RVR

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15
Q

Name the rhythm

A

non sustained V tach (has to be 30 secs to be sustained)

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16
Q

Name the rhythm

A

fast, narrow, irregular –> multi focal atrial tachycardia. PVC on V1

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17
Q

Name the rhythm

A

NSR w/ 1st degree HB (look at PR interval)

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18
Q

Name the rhythm

A

fast, narrow, irregular–> a fib with RVR

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19
Q

Name the rhythm

A

3rd degree HB

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20
Q

Identify the axis (quadrant and degree)

A

left axis deviation, find line for aVR -60

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21
Q

Identify the axis (quadrant and degree)

A

right axis deviation, +150, worry about RVH

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22
Q

Identify any hypertrophy

A

right ventricular hypertrophy

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23
Q

Identify any hypertrophy

A

left atrial and left ventricular hypertrophy

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24
Q

Name the rhythm

A

NSR with 1st HB

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25
Q

Name the rhythm

A

v tach

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26
Q

Name the rhythm

A

NSR w/ LBBB, with discondordant P waves in V6

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27
Q

Name the rhythm

A

Trigeminy (NSR w/ 1st degree HB as well) (PVC every 3rd)

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28
Q

Name the rhythm

A

Ectopic atrial (atrial escape). P waves don’t change morphology. Narrow, regular, no sinus P waves because they are going down.

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29
Q

Name the rhythm

A

junctional escape. narrow, no P waves

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30
Q

Name the rhythm

A

2nd degree type 2 HB (also some PACs and incomplete RBBB). we have hanging P waves. incomplete bundle branch block in V3

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31
Q

Which leads are used to assess the axis quadrant (axis deviation)?

A

Leads I and aVF

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32
Q

identify the axis quadrant

A

left axis deviation

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33
Q

Identify the axis quarantine

A

right axis deviation

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34
Q

What can cause a left axis deviation?

A

left ventricular hypertrophy, inferior MIbeing short Left BBB, Left anterior fascicular block, WPW, Ventricular Pacing, Horizontally oriented heart

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35
Q

What can cause a right axis deviation?

A

right ventricular hypertrophy, left posterior fascicular block, anterolateral MI, WPW, large PE, COPD, Vertically oriented heart

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36
Q

Which leads are used to assess atrial enlargement?

A

Leads II and V1

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37
Q

Which leads are used to assess ventricular hypertrophy?

A

Leads V1/V2 and V5/6

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38
Q

What would make you suspect left atrial enlargement?

A

Long P wave, diphasic in lead II

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39
Q

What would make you suspect RIGHT atrial enlargement?

A

really tall P wave in lead II (more than 2.5 big boxes tall)

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40
Q

What would make you check for RIGHT ventricular hypertrophy?

A

right axis deviation

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41
Q

What would make you check for left ventricular hypertrophy?

A

Deep S wave in V1/V2, tall R wave in V5/V6

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42
Q

evaluate for enlargement/hypertrophy

A

left atrial enlargement, because it is double humped

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43
Q

evaluate for enlargement/hypertrophy

A

left ventricular hypertrophy (more than 7 boxes tall just on its own in lead V5)

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44
Q

evaluate for enlargement/hypertrophy

A

right ventricular hypertrophy with right axis deviation

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45
Q

evaluate for enlargement/hypertrophy

A

RAE/LVH. tall t waves indicate right atrial enlargement

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46
Q

List the type of EKG changes associated with ischemia/infarction

A

inverted T waves, ST depression/elevation, pathhologic Q waves

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47
Q

Name the 3 sets of contiguous leads

A

lateral: Leads I, aVL, V5, V6
Inferior: Leads II, III, aVF
Anterior: Leads V1, V2, V3, V4

48
Q

With STEMIs, the probable artery affected can be predicted based on the leads in which the STEMI is seen. Name which artery usually matches with each set of cntiguous leads.

A

lateral leads: left circumflex artery
Inferior leads: right coronary artery
Anterior leads: left anterior descending artery

49
Q

Evaluate for ischemia/infarction

A

acute inferior STEMI

50
Q

Evaluate for ischemia/infarction

A

old lateral MI (pathologic Q waves I/aVL) and T wave inversions (V4-V6)

51
Q

Evaluate for ischemia/infarction

A

ST depression in V1, V6, II, aVF- concern for STEMI if aVR elevated

52
Q

Evaluate for ischemia/infarction

A

T wave inversions in inferior leads, pathologic Q waves in nferior leads

53
Q

what is this?

A

S1Q3T3 likely a PE

53
Q

what is this?

A

prolonged QT interval-hypocalcemia

53
Q

what is this?

A

hyperkalemia, peaked T waves

54
Q

what is this?

A

low amplitude in lateral leads, tachycardia, right atrial enlargement, all suggests COPD

55
Q

what is this?

A

Brugada syndrome

56
Q

what is this?

A

Benign early repolarization

57
Q

what is this?

A

electrical alternans

58
Q

what is this?

A

intracranial hemorrhage

59
Q

Measure the duration of the P wave, QRS wave, T wave, PR interval, QT interval in the following rhythm strip

A

P wave= 90 ms
QRS wave= 60 ms
T wave= 240 ms
PR interval= 160 ms
QT interval = 360 ms

60
Q

Name the encircled waves

61
Q

Name the encircled waves

62
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

70 bpm, irregular
2nd degree heart block type I (Wenckebach)

63
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

80-90 bpm, NSR

64
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

30-40 bpm, sinus bradycardia

65
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

70 bpm, 2nd degree heart block type 2

65
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

55 bpm, sinus bradycardia with a LBBB

66
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

30 bpm, 3rd degree heart block

67
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

40 bpm, second degree heart block type I

68
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

80 bpm, NSR w/ RBBB

69
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

75-80 bpm, NSR with sinus pauses

70
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

80 bpm, irregular, atrial fibrillation

71
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

209 bpm, v tach

72
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

30-40 bpm, atrial flutter

73
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

75 bpm, NSR w/ RBBB

74
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

240 bpm, SVT

75
Q

For the following EKG, estimate the rate and name the rhythm

A

80 bpm, irregular, wandering atrial pacer

76
Q

Identify the axis quadrant

A

left axis deviation

77
Q

Identify the axis quadrant

A

extreme right deviation

78
Q

List the criteria for atrial enlargement

A

Diphasic P wave in Lead II (or III) and Biphasic P wave (or completely negative) with negative portion of P wave in V1 greater than 40 ms (1 small box wide) and 0.1 mV (1 small box deep)

79
Q

List the criteria for right atrial enlargement

A

P wave in lead II> 2.5 mm tall and P wave in Lead VI > 1.5 mm total height

80
Q

List the criteria for right ventricular hypertrophy?

A

Right axis deviation, Narrow QRS complexes, Dominant R wave in V1, Dominant S wave in V5/V6

81
Q

List the criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy?

A

S wave in V1 and R wave in V5 or V6 (taller) > 35 mm (7 big boxes)

82
Q

Evaluate for enlargement/hypertrophy

A

right ventricular hypertrophy

83
Q

Evaluate for enlargement/hypertrophy

A

right atrial enlargement

84
Q

Evaluate for ischemia/infarction

A

ST elevation in inferior leads; ST depression in I and aVL

85
Q

Evaluate for ischemia/infarction

A

pathologic waves in inferior leads

86
Q

Evaluate for ischemia/infarction

A

ST depression in Leads II, III, aVF, V3, V4

87
Q

Which electrolyte abnormality would be consistent with this EKG?

A

hyperkalemia

88
Q

Which genetic syndrome is apparent here?

89
Q

What pulmonary condition is possible with this patient?

A

Pulmonary embolism (S1Q3T3)

90
Q

Identify the rhythm

90
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

sinus tach

91
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

sinus bradycardia

92
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

NSR w/ frequent PVCs

93
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

NSR with sinus pause

94
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

ectopic atrial

95
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

(SVT)/ AVNRT

96
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

atrial flutter

97
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

a fib with RVR

98
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

a fib with RVR

99
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

a fib with slow ventricular response

100
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

multifocal atrial tachycardia

101
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

junctional escape

102
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

accelerated idioventricular

103
Q

Identify the rhythm

104
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

torsades de pointes

105
Q

Identify the rhythm

106
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

NSR with 1st degree HB

106
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

second degree HB type 1

106
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

second degree HB type 2

107
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

NSR w/ WPW

107
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

NSR w/ RBBB

108
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

NSR w/ LBBB

108
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

sinus brady w/ first degree HB

Clin Lab II (12 decks)

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