Abnormality - Baseline - Cancer screening - Deviation from normal

EIO Flashcards by Samantha Brown

Why do we do an EIO?

Abnormality

Baseline
Cancer screening
Deviation from normal

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When does the EIO begin?

-In the waiting room to assess for any irregularities such as a limp

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What is the first thing palpated to during the Extra Oral exam?

-The frontalis

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What is the name of the muscle that brings the eyebrows inward or makes you
frown?

The corrugator

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What makes up the TMJ?

Temporalis (including the glenoid fossa), mandible (condyle), joint disk
— Creates the capsule — contains synovial fluid

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. What is it called when the TMJ “clicks”?

-Crepitus

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What is it call when the jaw dislocates when moved left to right?

subluxation

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What are the muscles of mastication?

-Masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, and temporalis

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What kind of palpation should be used?

-Bimanual and bidigital

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What might be found when palpating the lymph nodes? What might this mean?

-Lymphadenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes), the nodes may also be inflamed or
tender
-Infection of the head and/or the neck

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What bone is not attached to any other bone?

Hyoid bone

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What structures are in the neck?

The larynx, trachea, and thyroid

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What is the difference between the trachea and the larynx?

trachea: used for breathing – contains rings of cartilage

- larynx: used for passing food

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. What is the landmark in the back of the tongue that is 2/3 down notch that
gives rise to the thyroid?

-foramen cecum

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What is the names of the base of the tongue that forms during fusion?

-sulcus terminalus

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What shape is the thyroid gland?

Butterfly shaped

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. What do we feel for when we ask the patient to swallow?

To feel for a smooth up and down motion of the larynx

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What is the function of the thyroid gland?

Regulates metabolism

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The thyroid develops from what during embryotic development?

foramen cecum

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What hormone does the thyroid release?

T3 (Tri-iodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine) and Calcitonin

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What mineral is associated with the thyroid?

Iodine

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Where do we get this mineral that is associated with thyroid from?

Our diet in salt

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What are 2 disorders associated with the thyroid?

Hypothyroidism: too little of the hormone being produced

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What is the main disease associated with Hyperthyroidism?

-Grave’s disease

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What is the main disease associated with Hypothyroidism?

Hashimoto’s disease

What would someone with Hyperthyroidism look like?

Weight loss, energetic, anxious, tachycardia

What would someone with Hypothyroidism look like?

Weight gain, low energy, tired, bradycardia, if they have Hashimoto’s there is swelling of joints

What is a medicine for Hypothyroidism?

Synthroid

What is the muscle responsible for grimacing?

Platysma

What muscle is encircles the mouth?

-Obicularis oris

What muscle encircles the eye?

-Obicularis oculi

What muscle is responsible for smiling?

Zygomaticus major

What is the muscle responsible for lifting up the upper lip?

-Levator labii superioris

What is the smooth part of the forehead called located above and between the eyebrows?

-The glabella

How many bones are in the face?

How many bones are in the skull?

What are the bones of the face?

- 2 Zygomas - 2 Lacrimal - 2 Nasal Conchae - 1 Mandible - 2 Maxillary - 1 Vomer - 2 Nasal - 2 Palates

What are the cranial bones?

3 Occipital - 1 Ethmoid - 1 Sphenoid - 1 Frontal - 2 Parietal - 4 Temporal

What cranial nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression?

VII (7th)

What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V)?

Ophthalmic, Maxillary, Mandibular

List the foramens and the nerves passing through.

Foramen rotundum- Maxillary nerve Foramen ovale-Mandibular nerve Foramen spinosum- Meningeal artery

List the 12 cranial nerves.

``` 1 Olfactory Sensory 2 Optic Sensory 3 Oculomotor Motor 4 Trochlear Motor 5 Trigeminal Both 6 Abducens Motor 7 Facial Both 8 Vestibulocochlear Sensory 9 Glossopharyngeal Both 10 Vagus Both 11 Accessory Motor 12 Hypoglossal Motor “Oo Oo Ooo, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, AH” “Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter More” ```

What is the name of the glands that was the posterior of the tongue and the circumvallate papillae?

-Glands of Von Ebner

What is the purpose of the cursory exam?

to make sure there are no infectious lesions, broken restorations, or ulcers

What are the muscles of the tongue?

Hyoglossus, Genioglossus, and Styloglossus

What are the papillae of the tongue?

Foliate, filiform, fungiform, and circumvallate

. State the 3 salivary glands, the percentage of secretion, the type of secretion and what duct it exits.

-Parotid 25-30% Serous Stenson’s duct -Submandibular 60-70% Serous and mucous Wharton’s duct (caruncle) -Sublingual <10% Mucous Rivinius ducts

What enzyme is in saliva and what is its function?

Amylase that breaks down carbohydrates and starches

What are the hair-like projections on the ventral surface of the tongue?

- Plica Fimbriata | - Plica Sublingualis

Where the two most common sites for oral cancer?

-Floor of the mouth and posterior lateral borders of the tongue

What is the name of the opening behind the maxillary incisors that allows the passing of nerves?

Incisive foramen

Where is the mental foramen located?

At the apices of the first and second mandibular premolars

What bony structure covers the mandibular foramen?

The linguala

What is the name of the prominence located posterior to the maxillary terminal molars?

Maxillary Tuberosity

What is the name of the prominence located posterior to the mandibular terminal molars?

-Retromolar Triangle

What is the term used to describe excess bone on the lingual surface of the mandible?

Mandibular Tori

How can mandibular tori interfere with treatment?

When taking radiographs, denture fabrication, and taking impressions

What is the term used to describe excess bone on the palate?

Torus Palatinus or Palatine Tori (plural)

What is the proper term for salivary stone?

-Sialolith

What is the term used to describe the lingual frenum being attached too closely to the tip of the tongue?

Ankyloglossia

What is the difference between anklyosed and ankloglossia?

Anklyosed is when the bone of the periodontium is fused to the root of the tooth -Ankyloglossia is when the lingual frenum is attached too closely to the tip of the tongue cause speech impairments

What are Fordyce spots?

Trapped sebaceous glands

What is sebaceous fluid?

-Oil or sweat

Are Fordyce spots significant?

-No

What is the term for the shedding of primary teeth?

exfoliation

What is the difference between fenestration and dehiscence?

- fenestration: “window” through the gingiva; shows dentin, indicating bone loss - dehiscence: gingival and bone loss beginning of the coronal crown (cleft)

What is the purpose of the pre-procedural rinse?

To reduce the mouth of bacteria and decrease airborne pathogens