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PEDIATRICS 1 > EINC II & Physical Examination of the Newborn > Flashcards

EINC II & Physical Examination of the Newborn Flashcards

1
Q

3 Things to do upon arrival of Mother in the ER

A

CET

Antenatal counseling
Equipment check
Room temperature check (25-28 deg Celsius)

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2
Q

What does the STABLE program stand for?

A

blood Sugar
Temperature
Airway
Blood pressure
Labs
Emotional support

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3
Q

What should the newborn’s blood sugar be prior to rooming-in?

A

> 50 mg/dL

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4
Q

How much water should be given to the newborn to achieve appropritate blood sugar level?

A

80cc/kg/day

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5
Q

What is the allowable range of temperature for newborns?

A

36.5 to 37.5 deg Celsius

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6
Q

True or False:

Infant must not be wearing any clothing during the exam

A

True

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7
Q

What are the three factors to determine infant size?

A

Weight, Length, Head circumference

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8
Q

This is the most important factor to determine infant size

A

Weight

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9
Q

Normal weight of a Filipino baby

A

2500 to 4000g

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10
Q

Normal length of a newborn

A

50 cm

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11
Q

What is the normal head circumference of a newborn?

A

35 cm

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12
Q

What is the normal head and chest circumferential difference in newborn?

A

±2

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13
Q

A newborn is said to be small for gestational age if he’s weight is:

A

less than the 10th percentile for infant’s gestational age

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14
Q

True or False:

A newborn that is small for gestational age is at high risk of hypoglycemia due to less glucose stores since glucose
storage happens during the 3rd trimester

A

True

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of Intrauterine Growth Restriction?

A

Symmetric and Asymmetric

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16
Q

This type of intrauterine growth restriction happens at the beginning of pregnancy (1st or 2nd trimester)

A

Symmetric

  • head of infant is proportional to its body
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17
Q

This type of intrauterine growth restriction still allows the infant to have a head circumference larger than the body

A

Asymmetric

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18
Q

The brain becomes fully developed at which trimester of pregnancy?

A

Second trimester

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19
Q

Infants who are large for gesational age weigh:

A

greater than the 90th percentile for gestational age

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20
Q

Which of the following is not characteristic of an infant that is Large for Gestational age?
A. usually seen in infants of a diabetic mother
B. from those with family that is genetically bigger than most average people]
C. observed in infants with hypertensive mothers
D. High risk for hypoglycemia due to increased ulitization and demand for glucose
E. NOTA

A

C. is characteristic of small for gestational age babies

21
Q

These are twins with one bigger than the other due to twin-to-twin transfusion

A

Discordant twins

> 20% weight difference and >20% hemtocrit difference

22
Q

An infant should be presumed to be at high risk for mortality or morbidity if a discrepancy exists between the estimation of gestational age by:
A. PE
B. Mother’s LMP
C. fetal US evaluation
D. Both A and C
E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

23
Q

This is the most comonly used to in assessing the gestational age at birth

A

Ballard scoring system

24
Q

The New Ballard Score is used to determine the gestational age at birth through _____________________ and ____________________ of a newborn infant

A

Neuromuscular and Physical assessment

25
Q

The New Ballard Scoring system is most reliable when performed before the ______________ hour of life, although the test can still be done after.

A

before the 12th hour of life

26
Q

What are the Physical components under the Physical Maturity of the Ballard Exam?

A

“So Long, Pork & BEEF Meat”

Skin
Lanugo
Plantar surface
Breast
Ears
Eyes
Female genitals
Male genitals

27
Q

This protective covering of newborns normally thickens, dries, and becomes wrinkled and/or peels, and may develop rashes as featl maturation progress

A

vernix caseosa

28
Q

Lanugo begins to appear at ________ week of gestation?

A

24-25th week

29
Q

The first appearance of a crease appears on the _______ sole at the ________ of the foot

A

anterior sole at the ball of the foot

30
Q

How to measure the heel-toe distance?

A

Place the infant’s foot on a metric tape measure and note the distance from the back of the heel to the tip of the great toe.

31
Q

What is the Ballard score for a heel-toe distance of less than 40 mm?

A

-2

32
Q

What is the score for thinning lanugo?

A

2

33
Q

What is the score for plantar surface with anterior transverse crease

A

2

*32 weeks; crease at anterior 1/3

34
Q

Breast tissue is stimulated to grow by which hormones?

A

maternal estrogens

35
Q

Fatty tissue of the breast is dependent upon fetal __________ status

A

nutritional status

36
Q

This condition of enlarged breast in neonates presenting on the 2md to 4th day of extrauterine life due to maternal estrogen effect

A

Neonatal Gynecomastia

37
Q

What is the score for Flat areola with no bud?

A

1

38
Q

In addition to the cartilage and stiffness of the ear pinnae, the state of ______ development is also an indicator of fetal maturation

A

eyelid

39
Q

Score for loosely fused eyelids

A

-1

40
Q

Score for a formed and firm pinnae with instant recoil

A

3

41
Q

Which parts of the female genitalia are noted for the Ballard scoring?

A

Clitoris
Labia minor
Labia majora

42
Q

Degree of hip abduction when checking for the appearance and size of female genitalia

A

45 degrees

43
Q

Ballard score for Major covering clitoris and minora

A

4

44
Q

When does the fetal testicles begin to descend from the peritoneal cavity into the scrotal sac?

A

30th week of gestation

45
Q

The left testicle precedes the right and usually enters the scrotum during the _____ week of gestation

A

32nd

46
Q

Testicles found inside the ______________ zone are considered descended

A

rugated zone

47
Q

This is the most common genital problem encountered in pediatrics

A

cryptorchidism

48
Q

Total Body Muscle Tone is reflected in:
A. the infant’s preferred posture at rest
B. resistance to stretch of individual muscle group
C. resistance to force onto gross muscle groups
D. A and B
E. All of the above

A

D. A and B

PEDIATRICS 1 (3 decks)

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