Egyptian crisis and Dufferin report Flashcards
How did the Egyptian debt crisis occur?
Ishma’il Pasha was spending money he didn’t have
What did Egypt’s debt go from/to?
went from £7 million to £100 million
What was the Anglo-French plan ‘Caisse de la dette publique’ ?
stated need of dual economic control by brit and france.
OUT- france control govt. spending
IN- brit control raising revenue
What happened to Ishma’il?
He was replaced by his son Tewfik - 1879
what were some negative consequences of the debt crisis?
Egyptians miserable, starvation in upper egypt, riots, military rebellion, unemployment
What were some policies introduced?
Army reduced 2/3rd’s, sales tax on food/goods, govt employee wages cut, interest rates cut to 5%
What were the 2 aims of the 1882 egyptian nationalist movement?
. aims to end turk control of egypt govt.
. aims to end anglo-french control of economy
What were the events of the 1882 egyptian nationalist movement?
Alexandria revolts, brit forces sent to bombard alexandria. Arabi-Pasha declares war. Brit commander-in-chief secures suez canal. Arabi’s forces defeated at Tel-El-Kebir. Brit re-take Cairo and restore Tewfik as ‘pupper ruler’
What did Britain do as a result of the egyptian nationalist movement?
tewfik forced to create govt answerable to britain, employ brit military people to supervise army + rely on brit advisors
What was the agreement at the 1885 convention of London?
confirms brit influence over egypt + secures international loan for egypt govt
What was the ‘Veiled Protectorate’?
Egypt is firmly under administrative control. Holds position of client state, where brit ruled behind screen of egypt ministers + english administrators
What were the terms of the Dufferin report (6th feb 1883)?
suggests reforming egypt govt to preserve brit influence, restore economic order + establish a ‘veiled protectorate’
