Egypt + S for A Flashcards
When did scramble for Africa occur
Between 1880 and 1900
Between 1880 and 1900 how much of Africa was appropriated by European powers
90%
How much of Africa was appropriated By Britain between 1880-1900 compared with France and other European countries
Whilst France appropriated 3.5 million square MILES and Belgium Italy and Germany obtained 2.5 million square miles between them, Britain obtained 5 million square miles
What did Africa have in terms of resources
Ivory
Rumours of gold
What kind of people led expansion inf Africa
Explorers
Missionaries
Traders
Men on the spot
British attitude towards Africans
Paternalistic saw them as childish and lazy, believed they were on a civilising mission.
Noble ?
Savage
British opinion on Africans
In South Africa what possessions did Britain have before Boer wars
Cape colony and natal = formal colonies
They had right to control foreign relations of the two ‘boer republics’ , ORANGE FREE STATE AND THE TRANSVAAL
In 1880 where there plans to expand in Africa by British
None
Who was priminster 1880-85
Gladstone
Liberal
Gladstone was committed to what policy in colonial affairs
Non-intervention
What did Gladstone order in 1882
The occupation of Egypt
Who had Egypt belonged to what happens
Ottoman Empire but that was in decline and Britain feared Egypt may fall into another European country’s empire
What did Lord Palmerston say about Egypt 1860
We do not want to have Egypt. What we wish about Egypt is that it should be attached to the Turkish Empire, which is security against it belonging to another European power
But french investment Egypt
French invested into construction of Suez Canal
What year was the occupation of Egypt ordered by British
1882
What year did Suez Canal open
1869
What did British do after the completion of the Suez Canal
Large influx of British investment
British banks offered the Egyptian government enormous loans which were used for economic development
What happened to Egypt by 1875
Debt crisis country seemed likely to habe economic collapse
Asked Britain and France to help
Cave
British treasury official assessed financial state said it was fixable so
1878 french and English
Anglo-French rescue plan emerged based on Cave report
Dual economic control in Egypt by Anglo-french and was due to end
1878-1882
Did the Anglo-French economic control help Egypt
Brought financial stability but brought misery to the vast majority of Egyptian people, starvation in upper Egypt, increased unemployment, street rioting and rebellion within the army
Egyptian nationalist movement 1882 was under who
Arabi Pasha
