Egypt

Question 1

Old Kingdom (c.2600-2200) Middle Kingdom (c.2000-1600) and New Kingdom (c.1500-1050)

Answer 1

Historic periodization of ancient Egypt

Question 2

Imhotep

Answer 2

The architect who developed the pyramid as a monumental construction; later venerated almost like a god.

Question 3

Saqqara

Answer 3

The site of the first Egyptian pyramidal tombs

Question 4

Khufu

Answer 4

Egyptian pharaoh, famous for his huge pyramid 480 ft high, one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world

Question 5

Khefren

Answer 5

Egyptian pharaoh, built one of the largest pyramids at Giza

Question 6

Akhetaten

Answer 6

Horizon of Aten, the new capital founded by Akhenaten, part of the so-called “Amarna Revolution,” an attempt to introduce a monotheistic religion centered on the sun disc

Question 7

Hatshepsut (1472-1457)

Answer 7

Egyptian famous queen who ruled as a pharaoh and was portrayed with male attributes in visual media

Question 8

Thebes, Abydos, and Memphis

Answer 8

Egyptian cities

Question 9

Hyksos

Answer 9

Warrior people of the Near East who conquered Lower Egypt in the 18th century BC

Question 10

Ramses II (1279-1213)

Answer 10

One of the most successful pharaohs and military leaders of the New Kingdom

Question 11

Battle of Kadesh (1275)

Answer 11

The first major battle where the armies of the great kings fought each other directly (Egyptians and Hittites). Both powers claimed the victory.

Question 12

“Rosetta stone”

Answer 12

Tri-lingual inscription used 19th century scholars to finally decipher

Question 13

Egyptian hieroglyphic writing

Answer 13

Had two types of signs: Logograms (Indicates a word through meaning) and Phonograms (indicates a word through sound). Hierohlyphic writing was used on inscriptions and monuments and hieratic (cursive hieroglyphic) in manuscripts. Demotic took over in the 7th century (daily use writing as opposed to religious and official) while in the Christian era Coptic developed (alphabet) which remained in use until the 12th century.