Efforts to achieve parliamentary reform in years 1852-67 were very different from efforts in 1820-32? (2022)

Question 1

What are the 3 factors?

Answer 1

Violent protest
Radical societies
Government responses/attitudes

Question 2

When and what were the Swing Riots? Result?

Answer 2

1830-32
Series of agricultural disturbances in the rural south.
£100k arson damage.

Question 3

When and what were the Bristol Riots? Result?

Answer 3

1831- because HoL rejected reform bill.
Bristol was controlled by rioters for 3 days until troops were sent in and 12 rioters were killed.

Question 4

Why was there less violence between 1852-1867?

Answer 4

Chartism failed.

Question 5

When and what was the Hyde Park Riot?

Answer 5

1866
Reform League organised meeting to discuss future reform campaigning but Tory home secretary declared it illegal.

200k people camping for 3 days after 1866 bill failure.
Clashed with police, military support called in.

Question 6

How did the Hyde Park riot end?

Answer 6

Ended peacefully.
Increased Reform League’s popularity.

Question 7

So, how was violent protest in 1852-67 different to 1820-32?

Answer 7

Clearly less violent protest up to the 1867 reform act.

Question 8

When and what was the ‘Days of May’?

Answer 8

1832
Birmingham Political Union (BPU) had a rally of 200k with both working and middle classes.
Was Francis Place’s plan to withdraw all bank money to trigger an economic crisis- to pressurise govt!

Question 9

How many reform petitions were presented to parliament between 1830-31?

Answer 9

3,000

Question 10

When and what was the National Reform Union?

Answer 10

1864
Union of middle classes and moderates.
Pushed for all mate rate payers electoral system.

Question 11

When and what was the Reform League?

Answer 11

1865
All men 21+.
Over 400 branches.

Gladstone and John Bright (MPs) were spokespeople.
Wanted universal suffrage.

Question 12

So, how different were radical societies in 1852-67 compared to 1820-32?

Answer 12

Both had PGs combining working and middle classes.
Both had petitions and gatherings.

Biggest difference was the larger parliamentary connection in 1852-67.

Question 13

Why was there a fear of an English revolution 1820-32?

Answer 13

Due to the 1830 French revolution.
Scared of influence!

Question 14

What did Edmund Burke write due to revolution fear?

Answer 14

‘Swinish Multitude’

Question 15

How did Wellington split the Tories? What did this lead to?

Answer 15

Tories split over the Catholic Emancipation Bill.

Led to Williams 1V asking Earl Grey to form a govt (Whig) who passed 1832 act which expanded the electorate!

Question 16

What did the 1832 Reform Act passed by Earl Grey do?

Answer 16

Increased electorate to 18% of the male population.

Question 17

How many middle class MPs were there between 1830-66?

Answer 17

Only 14.

Question 18

When did Lord Palmerstone die? Who was now in power?

Answer 18

Palmerstone died in 1865.

Gladstone (1866 bill failed) and Russell now in power.
Less focus on foreign policy as more liberal.

Question 19

Who passed the 1867 reform bill and why?

Answer 19

Disraeli.
As part of Tory overhaul- wanted to win the loyalty of voters.

Question 20

So, how different were government responses/attitudes in 1852-67 to 1820-32?

Answer 20

Both bills were passed as a result of Tory crisis.

However, 1832 was maybe just to avoid revolution whereas 1867 had an actual desire to increase electorate.

Question 21

Overall, what was the biggest difference?

Answer 21

The decrease in violent protest from 1852-67… maybe from learning from the chartist movement and radical societies now and parliamentary connections.

Question 22

Overall, what was the biggest similarity?

Answer 22

Radical societies- same methods and working/middle class collabs.