Effects of CPR drugs Flashcards
Epinephrine- general effect
Mixed adrenergic agonist- get increased systolic BP but decreased peripheral that leaves the mean BP normal, get increased HR, bronchodilation, decreased bronchial secretions, muscle tremors, increased potassium influx in muscle, increased blood glucose due to gluconeogenesis, increased renin, increased free fatty acids
Norepinephrine- general effect
Mixed adrenergic agonist- Does not work on beta 2 so get dramatic raise in peripherial resistance that will cause a dramatic increase in blood pressure and reflexive decrease in heart rate
Phenylephrine- general effect
alpha 1 adrenergic agonist- causes vasoconstriction so increased BP that causes a reflexive decrease in blood pressure
Clonidine- general effect
alpha 2 adrenergic agonist- causes a decrease in sympathetic stimulation by activating the inhibitor on presynaptic cells, get bradycardia, decreased BP
Dobutamine- general effect
Beta 1 adrenergic agonist- causes increased contractility and force of heart *** if the positive isomer is used you get alpha one antagonistic action that causes a decrease in blood pressure.
Isoproterenol- general effect
Beta 1/2 adrenergic agonist- causes increased contractility from B1 but get vasodilation in skeletal muscle from B2 so see a decrease in blood pressure. Also get bronchodilation and decreased mucus secretion
Albuterol- general effect
Beta 2 agonist- causes bronchodilation and decreased bronchial mucus secretion
Amphetamine- General effect
An indirect adrenergic agonist- works by inhibiting uptake of NE and DA from receptors, facilitates their release and some direct effect- causes increased mood/alertness, decreased appetite
Methylphenidate- general effect
An indirect adrenergic agonist- works by inhibiting uptake of NE and DA from receptors, facilitates their release and some direct effect- causes increased mood/alertness and decreased appetite
Cocaine- general effect
An indirect adrenergic agonist- works by inhibiting NE and DA uptake- causes psychosis, increased HR BP and cardiac output, also see anesthetic properties when applied locally
Ephedrine- General Effect
An indirect adrenergic agonist- works by releasing stored catecholamines and having some direct effect- Very similar to epinephrine- causes vasoconstriction and decreased BP
Phenelzine- general effect
An indirect adrenergic agonist- works by inhibiting MOA- get localized effects
Selegiline- general effect
An indirect adrenergic agonist- works by inhibiting MOA- get localized effects
Tyramine- general effects
An indirect adrenergic agonist- works by stimulating release of NE and DA- Seen in cured meats, cheese and pickled fish- Causes an increase in blood pressure
Phentolamine- general effects
An alpha non selective antagonist- works by reversibly binding to receptor- causes a decrease in BP and get a reflexive increase in HR. Also seen SM relaxation of the prostate, miosis, and decreased resistance to urine flow.
Phenoxybenzamine- general effects
An alpha non selective antagonist- works by irreversibly binding to receptors- causes a decrease in BP and get a reflexive increase in HR. Also seen SM relaxation of the prostate, miosis, and decreased resistance to urine flow
Prazosin, tamsulosin and doxazosin- general effect
An alpha one antagonist- causes a decreased BP, decreased peripheral resistance, smooth muscle relaxation to the prostate and miosis
Labetalol- general effect
A partial mixed adrenergic antagonist- Get a decreased BP, HR and contractility. Slower AV conduction, renin inhibition, increased airway resistance and decreased intraocular pressure
Carvedilol- general effect
An inverse mixed adrenergic antagonist-Get a decreased BP, HR and contractility. Slower AV conduction, renin inhibition, increased airway resistance and decreased intraocular pressure
Propranolol, pindolol and nadolol- general effect
A non selective beta antagonist- A decreased CO, slowing AV conduction, decreased BP, decreased renin, increased airway resistance, decreased aqueous humor, increased VLDL and decreased HDL and stops lipolysis/gluconeogenesis
Metoprolol, Betaxolol, Acebutalol and Atenolol- general effect
A beta one antagonist- decreased BP, decreased CO, slowing of AV conduction and decreased renin
Direct Acting cholinergics- General effects
You get parasympathetic stimulation- so pupil constriction; decreased SA, AV, refractory period and atria contractility; bronchoconstriction; increased gut motility, decreased sphincter tone and increased secretion
Also get muscle fasiculations due to nAChR stimulation
AchE inhibitor- General effects
You get similar effects to direct acting- Major difference is whether or not they get brain involvement. Parasympatheics = so pupil constriction; decreased SA, AV, refractory period and atria contractility; bronchoconstriction; increased gut motility, decreased sphincter tone and increased secretion
Antimuscarinics - general effects
General CNS depression, myadrisis, decreased lacrimation, decreased salivation, get tachycardia but no real BP changes; bronchodilation and decreased gut motiliy; relaxes ureters and bladder wall
Terazosin and doxazosin- general effects
alpha 1 nonselective antagonist- reduces detrusor spasm and prostate smooth muscle relaxation.
Tamsulosin and silodosin- general effects
Alpha 1 antagonist that works specifically on alpha1A and Alpha1D- reduces detrusor spasm and prostate smooth muscle relaxation.
Afluzosin- general effects
alpha 1 nonselective antagonist- reduces detrusor spasm and prostate smooth muscle relaxation. ** works preferentially on urogenitary system
Finasteride and dutasteride- general effects
Inhibits 5 alpha reductase that causes a decrease in prostate size by reducing the amount of DHT in the system
Sildenafil, Vardenafil, Tadalafil and Avanafil- general effects
Erections
Alprostadil- general effects
Erections
