Effects of Controls

Question 1

Primary Flight Controls

Answer 1

Consist of Elevator, Ailerons and rudder

Question 2

Secondary flight controls

Answer 2

Consist of wing flaps and trim system

Question 3

Elevators

Answer 3

– Primary control for changing the pitch attitude of an airplane
– Controls pitch about the lateral axis
– Controlled by pushing and pulling the yoke

Question 4

Rudders

Answer 4

– Primary control for yawing the aircraft
– Controls movement of the aircraft about
its vertical axis
– Controlled by rudder pedals

Question 5

Ailerons

Answer 5

– Primary control for banking the aircraft
– Controls roll about the longitudinal axis
– Controlled by turning the yoke

Question 6

Adverse Yaw

Answer 6

– Yaw produced on the upgoing wing that yaws the aircraft’s nose AWAY from the turn.
– Is caused by higher induced drag on the outside wing, which is producing more lift.

Question 7

How adverse yaw is countered by differential ailerons?

Answer 7

➢With differential ailerons, one aileron is raised a greater distance than the other aileron is lowered for a given movement of the control wheel or control

Question 8

How adverse yaw is countered by rudder?

Answer 8

The main purpose of a rudder in flight is to counter adverse yaw by keeping the aircraft coordinated

Question 9

How adverse yaw is countered by Friss-type ailerons?

Answer 9

With a Frise-type aileron, when pressure is applied to the control wheel or control stick, the aileron that is being raised pivots on an offset hinge projects the leading edge of the aileron into the airflow and creates drag.

Question 10

Trim Tabs

Answer 10

Reduces the stick forces or control force so that the pilot can maintain any yaw, pitch or roll without further control unit.

Question 11

Flaps

Answer 11

– Flaps are the most common high-lift devices used on aircraft.
–These surfaces, which are attached to the
trailing edge of the wing, increase both lift
and induced drag for any given AOA.

Question 12

Importance of Flaps

Answer 12

*Shorter takeoff roll
*Slower landing speeds
*Steeper descent path
*Better view of the runway on approach

Question 13

Effects of Flaps in stall speeds

Answer 13

Lowering the flaps will decrease the stalling speed of the airplane

Question 14

Types of Flaps

Answer 14

• Plain flap
• Split flap
• Slotted flap
• fowler flap
• slotted fowler flap

Question 15

Flaps lift and drag percentage when deployed

Answer 15

Flaps 10 - 20% lift, 5 % drag
Flaps 20 - 20% lift, 20% drag
Flaps 30 - 10% lift, 35% drag