Effective Communication Flashcards
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What is communication?
When one person transmits feelings or ideas to another person or group of people.
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What are the basic elements of communication?
SSR
Source, symbol, and receiver
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What is a source?
The sender of an idea or feeling: speaker, writer, instructor, musician, filmmaker, etc.
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What is a symbol?
An oral or visual cue: spoken word, written word, facial gesture, body language, lyric, etc.
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What is a receiver?
The recipient of an idea: listener, reader, student, audience, etc.
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Describe the communication cycle.
The source sends a symbol to the receiver to communicate an idea. The receiver interprets the symbol and sends a symbol back to the sender to verify accurate interpretation. This is called feedback. This cycle continues until the sender and the receiver have an equal understanding of the idea.
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What is a barrier to effective communication?
A misunderstanding between the sender and receiver.
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What are the primary barriers to effective communication?
COIL
Confusion between the symbol and the symbolized object
Overuse of abstractions
Interference
Lack of common experience
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Describe lack of common experience.
When two people with different life experiences do not share a common vocabulary. People assign meaning based on past experience, so a word can mean different things to the speaker vs. the listener.
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Describe confusion between the symbol and the symbolized object.
Failure to distinguish between a word and what it represents, and to choose words accordingly. Leads the speaker to use words the student can assign the wrong meaning to.
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Describe overuse of abstractions.
Abstractions are general words standing for ideas that cannot be directly experienced. They do not call forth specific mental images. If they are not linked to specific experiences through examples or illustrations, the student can assign the wrong meaning to them.
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Describe interference.
Interference prevents clear communication from taking place because of external factors that include physiological, environmental, and psychological interference.
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Describe physiological interference.
Biological problems that inhibit symbol reception, such as hearing loss, poor vision, motion sickness, etc.
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Describe environmental interference.
Something about the location where the communication is taking place is distracting, such as the high noise level in a cockpit.
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Describe psychological interference.
Lack of commitment (by the instructor or the student) to the communication process. For example, a student who doesn’t trust their instructor’s credibility may not try to engage in communication.
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Why is developing communication skills important to CFIs?
People aren’t born as natural communicators, and therefore communication skills must be developed through practice and experience.
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What tools can instructors use to become better communicators?
LIQIR
listening
instructional enhancement.
questioning
instructional communication
Role playing
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Describe role playing.
Practicing a lesson with other, more experienced CFIs who are playing the role of students. This allows the new CFI to develop the skills to teach a lesson and answer questions before having real students.
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Describe instructional communication.
Instructional communication has occurred when the instructor’s desired results have occurred. Instructors are encouraged to use personal experience to illustrate concepts. A student should understand both how and why something should be done.
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Describe listening.
Listening is hearing with comprehension. Instructors who listen to their students to understand their background, experience, vocabulary, and goals will be more effective.
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Describe questioning.
Questioning is used to determine how well a student knows what has been taught, i.e., how effective the communication was. Using open ended questions instead of yes/no questions will help the instructor make this assessment.
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Describe instructional enhancement.
The aviation industry is constantly changing, so the professional instructor needs to constantly be learning to stay up to date with industry practices and procedures. The more an instructor knows about a subject, the better they will be able to teach.
