EENT Flashcards
1
Q
- Acute sudden painless monocular vision loss
- Pale retina with cherry-red macula
A
Central retinal arterial occlusion
2
Q
- Acute sudden painless monocular vision loss
- Extensive retinal hemorrhages (blood and thunder appearance)
A
Central retinal venous occlusion
3
Q
- Bilateral progressive central vision loss (including detailed and color vision)
- Metamorphopsia – straight lines appear bent
- Drusen bodies = dry form
- Neovascularization with retinal hemorrhage and scarring = wet form
A
Macular degeneration
4
Q
- Conjunctivitis on day 1 = chemical conjunctivitis
- Conjunctivitis on days 2-5 = gonococcal conjunctivitis
- Conjunctivitis on days 5-7 = chlamydial conjunctivitis
A
Ophthalmia neonatorum
5
Q
- Continuous peripheral vertigo
- Dizziness, nausea, vomiting, gait disturbances
- Horizontal or rotary nystagmus
- Unilateral hearing loss with tinnitus (labyrinthitis)
A
Labyrinthitis and vesticular neuritis
6
Q
- Diplopia especially with upward gaze (entrapment of inferior rectus muscle)
- Blunt trauma to the eye socket
- Orbital emphysema (air entering from maxillary sinus)
- “Teardrop sign”: inferior herniation of orbital fat inferiorly (seen on CT Scan)
A
Orbital floor “blowout” fracture
7
Q
- Episodic peripheral vertigo (lasts minutes to hours)
- Fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss
- Tinnitus
- Ear fullness
- Horizontal nystagmus
A
Meniere disease
8
Q
- Epistaxis associated with mucopurulent drainage
- Foul odor
- Mouth breathing
A
Nasal foreign body
9
Q
- Erythematous, painful, warm, nodule or papule on eyelid
A
Hordeolum (AKA: stye)
10
Q
Eyelids and lashes turned inward (inverted)
A
Entropion
11
Q
Eyelids and lashes turned outward (everted)
A
Ectropion
12
Q
- Leukocoria (presence of an abnormal white reflex instead of the normal red reflex)
- MC seen in children < 3 years of age
A
Retinoblastoma
13
Q
- Muffled “hot potato” voice with trismus
- Drooling/difficulty in dealing with oral secretions
- Swollen or fluctuant tonsil
- Uvula deviation to the contralateral side
A
Peritonsillar abscess
14
Q
- Painful loss of vision with decreased color vision
- Central scotoma (blind spot)
- Marcus-Gunn pupil: relative afferent pupillary defect)
A
Optic neuritis
15
Q
- Painless indurated granuloma of the internal Meibomian sebaceous gland away from eyelid
A
Chalazion
16
Q
- Photopsia (flashing lights) followed by floaters
- Progressive unilateral peripheral vision loss (like “curtain coming down” or a shadow
A
Retinal detachment
17
Q
Purulent discharge with lid crusting (“stuck shut”) in morning
A
Bacterial conjunctivitis
18
Q
- Slow, progressive bilateral painless peripheral vision loss
- Tunnel vision
A
Chronic (open angle) glaucoma
19
Q
- Sudden, episodic peripheral vertigo
- Short lasting (< 60 seconds)
- Not associated with hearing loss, tinnitus, or ataxia
- Canalith repositioning
A
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
20
Q
- Sudden onset of severe unilateral ocular pain
- Precipitated by mydriasis and dim lights
- Haloes around lights and loss of peripheral vision
- Conjunctival erythema
- “Steamy” or cloudy cornea
- Mid-dilated fixed pupil
A
Acute narrow angle-closure glaucoma
21
Q
- Triangular-shaped growing fibrovascular mass
- Usually starts on medial/nasal side of eye
- Ultraviolet exposure (surfer’s)
A
Pterygium
22
Q
- Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss = acoustic neuroma until proven otherwise)
- Tinnitus
- Vertigo with ataxia and headache
- Facial numbness (CN V) or facial paresis (CN VII)
A
Acoustic (vestibular) neuroma
23
Q
- Unilateral severe ocular pain and photophobia
- Eye redness
- Blurred or decreased vision
- Constricted pupil
- Ciliary injection (limbal flush)
- Consensual photophobia
- Inflammatory “cells and flare” on slit lamp
A
Uveitis
(AKA: iritis)
24
Q
- Yellow, slightly elevated nodule on conjunctiva
- Usually located on nasal side of sclera
- Does not grow onto the cornea
A
Pinguecula
