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EEG/ERP Methodology > EEG (Okt 29 lecture) > Flashcards

EEG (Okt 29 lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Ohm’s law?

A

Voltage(E) = Current(I) x Resistance(R)

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2
Q

How is current measured?

A

in Ampres

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3
Q

What is current a measure of?

A

The actual flow of electricity through a conductor

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4
Q

What letter represents current in Ohm’s law:

E = I x R ?

A

Current is represented by I (Intensity)

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5
Q

How is voltage measured?

A

in Volts

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6
Q

What is voltage a measure of?

A

Electromotive force (pressure that pushes the current through the conductor)–NOT a measure of flow of electricity

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7
Q

What letter represents voltage in Ohm’s law:

E = I x R ?

A

Voltage is represented by E (Electromotive Force)

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8
Q

Which part of Ohm’s law can be explained by a “water tank on the hill” analogy, where there is potential for water to flow, even if no water is actually flowing?

A

Voltage (E; Electromotive Force)

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9
Q

How is resistance measured?

A

in Ohms

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10
Q

What is resistance a measure of?

A

The ability of the substance to keep charged articles from passing

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11
Q

What letter represents resistance in Ohm’s law:

E = I x R ?

A

Resistance is represented by R

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12
Q

What 3 factors influence resistance?

A

(1) composition of a substance (e.g. copper vs. zinc)
(2) its length
(3) its diameter

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13
Q

What is Impendance (Z)?

A

The resistance to the flow of alternating current (AC)

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14
Q

If a magnetic field passes through a conductor, it…..

A

induces an electrical current

this is how devices can cause interference

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15
Q

How is a neuronal dipole created?

A

Negativity at apical dendrites and positivity at the soma

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16
Q

Which cells are best for ERP recordings?

A

Pyramidal cortical cells

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17
Q

Which cells are most unlikely to be recorded with an ERP?

A

Cerebellar cells (bc highly folded surface may result in nearby cortical patches cancelling)

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18
Q

EEG is sensitive to….?

A

Excitatory & inhibitory postsynaptic potentials at apical dendrites (of massively synchronized cortical neurons

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19
Q

Is EEG sensitive to action potentials?

A

NO

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20
Q

Increasing the number of trials also increases…

A

Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)

21
Q

Doubling the SNR _____ noise about 30%, but requires _____ times as many trials?

A

Reduces noise about 30%, but requires 4x as many trials!

22
Q

What are the 3 types of electrodes used?

A

Active (A), Reference (R), & Ground (G)

23
Q

What is the standard placement system for EEG?

A

The 10-20 System

24
Q

Electrode Labeling: F stands for?

A

Frontal

25
Q

Electrode Labeling: C stands for?

A

Central

26
Q

Electrode Labeling: T stands for?

A

Temporal

27
Q

Electrode Labeling: P stands for?

A

Parietal

28
Q

Electrode Labeling: O stands for?

A

Occipital

29
Q

Electrode Labeling: Fp stands for?

A

Fronto-polar

front-most electrodes

30
Q

Electrode Labeling: AF stands for?

A

Anterior-Frontal

31
Q

Electrode Labeling: FC stands for?

A

Fronto-Central

32
Q

Electrode Labeling: CP stands for?

A

Centro-Parietal

33
Q

Electrode Labeling: PO stands for?

A

Parieto-Occipital

34
Q

Electrode Labeling: ODD numbers represent which hemisphere?

A

Left hemisphere

35
Q

Electrode Labeling: EVEN numbers represent which hemisphere?

A

Right hemisphere

36
Q

Signal transmission between neurons is _____ and within neurons it is _______?

A

Chemical between neurons;

electrical within a neuron

37
Q

Neurons: Where is information from other neurons collected?

A

Dendrites

38
Q

Neurons: Where is information processed?

A

Cell Body (Soma)

39
Q

Neurons: Where is information from one neuron passed on to a target neuron?

A

Axon

40
Q

What is the voltage of the resting potential?

A

-70mV

41
Q

Which ions produce the resting potential?

A

Sodium (Na+), Chlorid (Cl-), Potassium (K+), and Protein Anions (A-)

42
Q

A- ions (protein anions) and K+ ions have higher concentrations ______ (inside/outside) the axon

A

Inside

43
Q

Cl- and Na+ ions are more concetrated ______ (inside/outside) the axon

A

Outside

44
Q

The action potential makes the inside _______ (pos/neg) relative to the outside, and then abruptly reverses again?

A

APs make the inside POSITIVE relative to the outside

45
Q

What are the 3 phases of an action potential?

A

(1) Depolarization
(2) Repolarization
(3) Hyperpolarization

46
Q

What occurs in depolarization?

A

Initiated by opening of Na+ channels

Na+ influx

47
Q

What occurs in repolarization?

A

Closing of Na+ channels and opening of K+ channels (K+ efflux)

48
Q

What occurs in hyperpolarization?

A

The extra-cellular side becomes more positive due to K+ efflux

49
Q

Do ERPs reflect action potentials, or postsynaptic potentials?

A

Postsynaptic potentials!!

EEG/ERP Methodology (4 decks)

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