Edward I & Wales Flashcards
Under which King did England inadvertently loosen its control of Wales? (1)
Henry III
How much of Wales did Henry III control? (1)
All of it apart from the north west of the country
What was formed in the mid-13th century in Wales and why? (2)
A tribal union was formed (1) due to a revival of Welsh customs and language (1)
Who was the leader of the tribal union formed in Wales? (1)
Llywelyn ap Gruffyd
What year did Llywelyn become overlord of Wales? (1)
1267
Who recognised Llywelyn as the Prince of Wales? (1)
Henry III
What year did Edward I come to the throne? (1)
1272
What is homage? (2)
Formal public acknowledgement of feudal allegiance to another person (1); the act of going on bended knee. (1)
Did Llywelyn pay homage to Edward I? (1)
No
Where and when did Llywelyn start building castles? (2)
Above the Severn valley in 1273
Why was Llywelyn building castles a problem for Edward I? (1)
It was a threat to Edward’s royal frontier (1) in Montgomery (1)
Who did Llywelyn marry and when? (3)
Llywelyn married Eleanor (1), the daughter of Simon de Montfort (the rival of Edward’s father!) (1) in 1275 (1)
How many troops did Edward mobilise to fight Llywelyn and when? (2)
15,600 in 1276
How did Llywelyn respond to Edward’s mobilisation? (2)
Llywelyn had no chance and he swore loyalty to Edward (1) in the Treaty of Aberconwy. (1)
How did Edward I reassert his control of Wales? (2)
- He built castles throughout Wales
- Filled the castles and towns with Englishmen
Name three of the castles that Edward I built in Wales (3)
Any three from: Harlech Dalwyddelan Conwy Caernarfon Beaumaris
What was the group of castles Edward built in Wales nicknamed? (1)
Iron Ring
What was the name of Llywelyn’s brother? (1)
Dafydd
Which castle did Llywelyn and Dafydd attack? (1)
Hawarden
How did Edward I respond to the attack on Hawarden Castle? (3)
Dafydd was hung, drawn and quartered (1) and Llewelyn’s head was put onto a spike (1) outside the Tower of London. (1)
What date was Llywelyn killed? (2)
11th December 1282.
How did Edward I complete his conquest of Wales? (4)
He divided Wales into seven counties (1) in 1282 (1)
He enforced English law and language (1)
He gave his eldest son the title ‘Prince of Wales’ (1)
Why is Prince Charles today known as the Prince of Wales? (1)
To this day, the eldest son of any king or queen of England is given that title.
