Edward Hall Flashcards
High context cultures: characteristics
- People understand a lot of unspoken messages and understand each other without needing to say anything explicitly
- Unaware of who is part of group
- Talk and understanding depends on situation and relationship
- A lot is understood without speaking
- Inside jokes or references in a group
- Value long lasting relationships built on trust over time
High context culture: consequences
- Relationships slow to for but strong once established
- People mainly see themselves as part of groups like family or work or community
High context culture: interaction between people
- A lot of facial expressions, gestures and tone of voice
- Often hint things instead of being direct
- Need to know context to understand what is said
- Words have different meanings depending on situation
- Personalised disagreement
6 focus on getting along and avoiding fights - People learn b seeing others and trying themselves
- They try to be very clear and correct in communication
Low context cultures: characteristics
- People share only whats needed for the task at hand.
- Information is readily available and easy access
- Conversations are brief and to the point
- Information can be easily passed on from one person to the other
- Focus on following rules and achieving specific goals.
- Tasks are prioritised and responsibilities are clearly defined
Low context culture: consequences
- Business relationships are often brief and focused on specific goals
- Procedures are designed to achieve specific goals efficiently
- Individuals define themselves by their accomplishments rather than group affiliations
Low context culture: interaction between people
- Communication is clear and to the point.
- Communication revolves around exchanging information, thoughts, and opinions.
- Disagreements are about ideas, not personal traits.
- People speak their minds openly and directly.
- Words carry more weight than non-verbal cues.
- Solutions are chosen based on logic and efficiency rather than personal feelings.
- Interactions are fast-paced and focused on getting things done quickly and effectively.
High context vs low context key differences
High context:
- impolite and blunt
- cannot read between the lines
- naive
- no self discipline
- too fast
Low context
- hiding information and secretive
- not trust worthy
- arrogant
- too formal
- too slow
Space bubble
Public space
Social space
Personal Space
Intimate Space
Public space
Distance between politician and his audience during a speech
Social space
Communication among business associates
Personal space
Friends and family,
Intimate space
Involves a high probability of touching, reserved for whispering or embracing, intimate relationships
Parts of communication
Spoken words
Paralanguage
Nonverbal Communication
Types of nonverbal communication
General appearance and dress
Kinesics ( body language such as gestures, facial expression, posture)
Oculesics ( eye contact,)
Haptics( touch and use of physical contact to communicate
Olfactics ( use of scent or smell, less common)
Chronemics (general)
Use of time
Importance of time
