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A level History - Tudor England > Edward > Flashcards

Edward Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Edward become King?

A

1547

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2
Q

How old was he when he became King?

A

9

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3
Q

Who was Edward Seymour?

A

Edward’s uncle, took power and made himself Lord Protector and Duke of Somerset

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4
Q

What two changes did Somerset make?

A
  • The council had full power and authority to take whatever action necessary for the good of the country while Edward was under 18
  • The Council were allowed to bestow gifts and titles intended for people by Henry VIII but it wasn’t official
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5
Q

What titles did Somerset give out when he came to power?

A
  • John Dudley became Ear of Warwick
  • His brother Thomas Seymour became Lord Seymour
  • Thomas Wriothesley became Earl of Southampton
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6
Q

What religious changes were made in the Edwardian Reformation? (under Somerset)

A
  • Catholic images removed
  • Prayer books changed from Latin to English
  • Mass turned to English
  • Chantries dissolved and land taken
  • Made vestments less extravagant
  • Royal Injunctions
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7
Q

When was the Book of Homilies and Royal Injunctions introduced? What were they?

A

July 1547

  • Book of Homilies: sermons for Church, reformed Church doctrine
  • Royal Injunctions: the list of ‘instructions’ on how religion was to be practised
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8
Q

When were Catholic images removed and the proclamation to limit radical protestants?

A

January-April 1548

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9
Q

When was the First Book of Common Prayer introduced? What did it contain?

A

December 1548

  • Services in Latin
  • Communion in both kinds
  • Clerical marriage allowed
  • No prayers for the dead
  • Worship of Saints discouraged
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10
Q

What was the Act of Uniformity? When was it passed?

A

Made the First Prayer Book law

1549

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11
Q

What were the Six Articles? When were they repealed?

A

A book of teachings to move people towards Catholicism under Henry VIII
Repealed in 1547

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12
Q

What other religious changes occurred in the Edwardian Reformation? (under Northumberland)

A
  • New Ordinal: Jan 1550
  • New Treason Act: Jan 1552
  • Second Prayer Book: Jan 1552
  • Second Act of Uniformity: April 1552
  • 42 Articles: Nov 1552
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13
Q

What was the Treason Act passed under Northumberland?

A

Going against King’s religion is treason

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14
Q

Was the Second Act of Uniformity stricter?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Why were the 42 Articles never passed?

A

Edward died

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16
Q

What changed with the Second Prayer Book?

A
  • Ceremony now in line with spiritual presence of God
  • Kneeling to receive communion
  • Traditional robes not worn
  • Altars replaced by communion tables
  • Sign of cross abolished
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17
Q

When was the Western Rebellion?

A

May-August 1549

18
Q

What was the cause of the Western Rebellion?

A
  • The new Prayer Book

- Economic reasons: introduction of sheep tax and inflation

19
Q

What were some of the demands from the rebels in the Western Rebellion?

A
  • Prayer Book and mass in Latin
  • Laws of Six Articles used how they were under Henry VIII
  • Restoration of images
  • Holy bread and water used every Sunday
20
Q

Where did the Western Rebellion largely take place?

A

Devon and Cornwall

21
Q

What was the response to the Western Rebellion?

A
  • 6000 armed rebels in Exeter
  • Lord Russell sent by PC to put down rebellion (little support from gentry)
  • Rebels quashed in August 1549
  • 4000 rebel casualties
22
Q

When did the Kett’s Rebellion take place?

A

July - August 1549

23
Q

What was the location for the Kett’s Rebellion?

A

Norfolk/Norwich

24
Q

What were the causes for the Kett’s Rebellion?

A
  • Enclousure of common land by the gentry
  • Peasants had no where to keep livestock
  • Religion- protestantism not happening fast enough
  • Class divide
25
Q

What were some of the demands of the Kett’s Rebellion?

A
  • That no lord of the manor should be able to exploit common lands
  • Private jurisdictions should be abolished
  • More educated clergy for the reformation
26
Q

What was the response to the Kett’s rebellion?

A
  • 3000 rebels killed by Warwick’s army
  • Kett captured and hanged in December 1549
  • Holiday to commemorate the end of it
27
Q

What were the 3 different features of political decision making under Edward? (Hint: 3 Ps)

A
  • Privy Council
  • Parliament
  • Proclamation
28
Q

What was the Privy Council made up of?

A

16 people- 8 protestant, 8 catholic

29
Q

What was parliament made up of?

A
  • Gentry
  • Lords
  • Privy Council
30
Q

What is a proclamation? How many did Somerset make?

A
  • Formal announcement of the monarch

- Somerset made 77 from 1547-49

31
Q

What did Somerset do wrong?

A
  • Poor leadership/favoritism
  • Money/extravagance
  • Religious policy
  • Social policy (rebellions)
  • Isolated himself from the PC with proclamations
  • Didn’t consult PC that often
32
Q

How did Warwick (Northumberland) gain power?

A
  • Anti-Somerset faction had developed
  • Rebellions in 1549
  • Retreated to Hampton court with Edward
  • Both moved to Windsor Castle and Edward became ill, claiming he was a prisoner
  • Warwick brings allies and removes opponents
  • January 1550 - leading Catholics had been dismissed and Lord President title is made
  • Own supporters put in important decisions
  • January 1552- Somerset executed
33
Q

How did Warwick differ from Somerset?

A

He named himself ‘Lord President’ which stopped him from being seen as an overpowering figure over Edward

34
Q

Who was Lady Jane Grey?

A

Edward’s second cousin

35
Q

What was the original devise for succession?

A
  • Edward names his cousins heirs males (Frances), then LJG then Katherine and Mary
  • He changed Henry VIII’s Act of Succession to his own devise - Mary should’ve got the crown
36
Q

When did Edward fall ill? What happened to the devise?

A
  • Fell ill in January 1553
  • Serious relapse in late May
  • Forced him to change succession to make Lady Jane Grey heir (Lady Jane Grey AND her heirs male)
37
Q

When did Edward die?

A

6th July 1553

38
Q

What did the changes to the devise do?

A
  • Barred Mary due to Catholicism

- LJG chosen due to devout protestantism and education

39
Q

How did Mary get to the English throne- what was the process?

A
  • Mary proclaims herself Queen in East Anglia on the 10th July 1553, council rejected this
  • Northumberland sets out 3 days later with troops to defeat Mary, leaving London vulnerable
  • Mary’s support increased by 15th July, and PC went Tower for protection without sending reinforcements to Northumberland
  • 17th-19th of July- Northumberlands forces started to desert, Mary’s forces 10 times the size of Northumberland’s
  • Mary proclaimed Queen on 19th July
40
Q

What were the 4 key factors that helped Mary get to the throne?

A

Religion
Support
Tactics
Claim

A level History - Tudor England (4 decks)

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