Educational Setting

Question 1

Deary 2012

Answer 1

These estimates are too high

More likely around 30%

Question 2

Mattson and Riley 1998

Answer 2

BIOLOGICAL
Foetal alcohol syndrome

Memory problems and low IQ

Question 3

Mortsenden 2005

Answer 3

Smoking more than 20 a day lowers IQ

Question 4

Benton and Roberts 1988

Answer 4

BIOLOGICAL
Breast feeding for more than 6 months has increase of 3-6 IQ points

Supplements have a similar effect

Question 5

Belmont and marolla 1973

Answer 5

1st child has increased IQ

Small family means increased attention

Question 6

Bouchard and segal 1985

Answer 6

ENVIRONMENTAL

malnutrition, birth weight, height, school years, self confidence

Question 7

Walsten 1997

Answer 7

Adopting into a higher sec family leads to an increase of 12-16 IQ Points

45 points between skills and unskilled jobs

Question 8

FEINGOLD 1998

Answer 8

SEX DIFFERENCES

difference of 3-13 points on aspects of IQ tests

Women (speed, spelling and language)
Men (spatial and mechanical)

Question 9

Weschler 1994

Answer 9

Sex differences

Weschler-Bellevue test favoured women slightly

Question 10

Burnt and more 1912

Answer 10

Increasing complexity reduced the sex differences

Question 11

Sex differences in intelligence

Answer 11

Prof summers- only right because of men having greater range of scores

Eskimos have reduced differences and they also have reduced gender assigned roles

Would expect there to be a change over time if it was cultural - difference found to reduce over time (Hyde and Linn 1988)

Question 12

Brain size

Answer 12

Lynn 1994, found that men have 10% larger brains- not linked to intelligence

Haier et al 2005
Women have increase in white matter related to intelligence
Men have a relation to grey matter

Question 13

Kaufman and litchenberger 2005

Answer 13

Early intelligence predicts school outcomes and IQ

Question 14

Hernnstein and Murray 1994

Answer 14

Bell curve book, controversial

IQ not related to education
Genetically determined IQ and racial differences

Question 15

Ceri 1991

Answer 15

Disagreed with the bell curve book

Controlled for socioeconomic factors and found that education does have an impact on IQ.

Question 16

Harrell and Harrell 1945

Answer 16

Range of IQ on different jobs

Laser and farmer ranges hugely overlap

Question 17

Hunger and hunter 1984

Answer 17

Intelligence is the best predictor of job performance

Education is the worst

Question 18

Deary et al 2007

Answer 18

IQ and school performance, maths is the most related 0.70

Question 19

Bratko et al 2006

Answer 19

Conscientiousness is the best predictor of education

Also found a small negative link to intelligence

Question 20

Oconnor and paunonen 2007

Answer 20

Conscientiousness includes factors such as motivation, organised and discipline which would all help in school

Question 21

Bartels et al 2012

Answer 21

Twin study

Openness
Agreeableness
Negative neuroticism

Related to IQ - explained genetically

Question 22

Salgado 2003

Answer 22

Job performance is linked to conscientiousness and low neuroticism

Question 23

Garrick and mount 1991

Answer 23

Openness agreeableness and extraversion are not related to job performance

Question 24

Feuerstein

Answer 24

Structural cognitive modifiability

Instrumental enrichment- intense program to improve cognitive skills and improve IQ

Question 25

Jensen 1969

Answer 25

Head start fade

Found that the initial increase in IQ was lost after 2-3 years

Question 26

Head start program

Answer 26

Aim to increase preparedness for school for kids below the poverty line - NOT AIM TO INCREASE IQ

Focus on family relations, health and early school prep

Question 27

Matt Ridley

Answer 27

Concordance rates of IQ

Retest 87%
MZ together 86%
MZ apart 76%
siblings 47%