Educational Policy Flashcards
When was the tripartite system introduced?
1944
What was the tripartite system?
- 3 types of secondary schools children could go to after the 11+
- grammar, secondary modern, technical schools
What type of education did students receive in grammar schools during the tripartite system?
- only for the top 20% of students who passed their 11+
- received an academic education in which they sat exams
What type of education did students receive in secondary modern schools during the tripartite system?
- for the bottom 80% of students who sat the 11+
- students recieved a basic education with no exams
What type of education did students receive within technical schools during the tripartite system?
They were taught vocational subjects
What were the aims of the tripartite system?
- to give a selective education to students that was based on ability
- to offer equality of opportunity as the 11+ was sat by all
What is the evaluation of the tripartite system?
- class inequalities; grammar schools were mainly middle class students
- IQ test determined pupils futures at a very young age
- there were lower standards in ‘lower’ schools; this labelled students as failures
- there were gender inequalities (within the early days) as girls had to get a higher score due to belief that they matured earlier
When were comprehensive schools introduced?
1965
What were comprehensive schools?
- one type of school for all pupils (aimed to provide equality of opportunity)
- controlled by local education authorities who would maintain them
What is the evaluation of comprehensive schools?
- there was a poor standard in some schools
- setting and streaming occurred alongside social classes
- parents had very little choice in education
What were the aims of the 1988 education act?
- to introduce free market principles (more competition within the system)
- to offer greater parental choice
- to raise the standards within schools
What new things were introduced with the 1988 education act?
- OFSTED
- league tables
- national curriculum
- formula funding
- increased marketisation and parentocracy
What is the evaluation of the 1988 education act?
- increased competition did increase standards - results then improved
- selection by mortgage: house prices in catchment areas rose, pricing out poorer parents
- cream skimming occurred; the best schools chose the best students (usually middle class ones)
- middle class parents were afforded more choice, league tables were criticised
Which government set up the tripartite system?
Sir Winston Churchill and his conservative government
Which government set up comprehensive schools?
Harold Wilson and his labour government
Which government set up the 1988 education act
Baroness Margaret Thatcher and her conservative government
What changed under the 1977 new labour government?
- increased funding
- reduced class sizes
- introduction of academies
- introduction of the education maintenance allowance
- tuition fees for higher education
- sure start
What were r the aims of the policies put in place by the 1977 new labour gov?
- to respond to increased competition that came around due to globalisation
- raising standards within schools
- more focus on equality of opportunity
- increased choice and diversity
What is the evaluation of the 1977 new labour government?
- early academies rose standards in poor areas
- equality of opportunity generally improved
- sure start improved health, not so much education
- introduction of tuition fees put working class people off of going to university
When did the coalition government implement educational policy changes?
2010
What changed within the 2010 policy changes?
- education maintenance allowance was scrapped
- academisation was forced onto failing schools
- free schools were formed (anyone could set one up)
- pupil premium was introduced
What is pupil premium?
Extra funding given to SEND students and the introduction of free school meals pupils
What were the aims of the 2010 policies?
To reduce public spending on education due to the financial crisis
