Educational Achievement: Class: External Factors

Question 1

Douglas (1964)

Answer 1

Working class parents place less value on education.

Question 2

Bernstein (1970)

Answer 2

Students from working-class backgrounds didn’t perform as well as those from higher social classes in language-based subjects due to their use of restricted code.

Question 3

Hyman (1967)

Answer 3

The working classes and middle classes have different ‘value systems’ and that these different values help explain differences in educational achievement.

Question 4

Evans (2007)

Answer 4

Children who have been brought up in a working class background, do not really have much of a head start in education in comparison to children who come from middle/upper-class backgrounds

Question 5

Sugarman (1970)

Answer 5

Fatalism: A belief in fate – ‘whatever will be, will be’ and there is nothing you can do to change your status. Unlike the middle-class, there is no belief that you can change your own status.