Education Definitions

Question 1

Academies

Answer 1

School that have more control over how they run

Question 2

Achievement

Answer 2

A thing done with effort and skill

Question 3

Anti-School subculture

Answer 3

Students who don’t agree with the norms and values of school

Question 4

Attainment

Answer 4

The ability of school pupils

Question 5

Collectivism

Answer 5

Social behaviour is guided by goals shared by a collective

Question 6

Compensatory education

Answer 6

Government policy which is designed to raise achievement levels of students who come from materially deprived backgrounds

Question 7

Competition and selection

Answer 7

Selective school who choose students based on ability

Question 8

Complex division of labour

Answer 8

Prepares individuals to participate in a complex economy in specialised roles.

Question 9

Comprehensive system

Answer 9

Schools who do not select students based on academic ability

Question 10

Conflict view

Answer 10

The educational system reinforces and perpetuates social inequalities that arise from differences in class, gender, race, and ethnicity

Question 11

Consensus view

Answer 11

Societal structure is built upon agreed norms and values

Question 12

Consumer choice

Answer 12

People make decisions about what school they go to

Question 13

Correspondence principle

Answer 13

The suggestion that education mirrors the workplace in its organisation, rewards systems and a range of other factors.

Question 14

Counter culture

Answer 14

Rebellion on against school rules and disrupting school life

Question 15

Cream-skimming

Answer 15

Selecting higher ability students who gain the best results and cost less to teach

Question 16

Cultural deprivation

Answer 16

Groups such as working class have inferior norms, values and skills which puts them at a disadvantage

Question 17

Differentiation

Answer 17

The process by which pupils are ranked and categorised into different streams or sets

Question 18

Double standards

Answer 18

When two people/groups are treated in a different way for the same thing

Question 19

Ear’ols

Answer 19

A word used by working class ‘lads’ to describe people who conform to the requirements and ideology of school.

Question 20

Education Action Zones

Answer 20

Focussed on improving schools in deprived areas

Question 21

Educational triage

Answer 21

Pupils divided into groups based on predicted performance by the school

Question 22

Education vouchers

Answer 22

Parents could be offered a voucher system to ‘buy’ their childrens education

Question 23

Elaborated speech code

Answer 23

A speech that is easier for middle class people to understand (complex sentence structures) which puts them at an advantage

Question 24

Ethnocentric curriculum

Answer 24

Educational curriculum that focuses on western history and culture

Question 25

Fatalism

Answer 25

A concept that explores the belief in predetermined outcomes and the lack of control individuals have over their lives

Question 26

Feminisation of education

Answer 26

Boys feel intimidated by the education system as it is very female dominated

Question 27

Free schools

Answer 27

Funded by the government but not run by the local authroity

Question 28

Funding formula

Answer 28

Government tool to work out how much funding each school needs

Question 29

Gender domains

Answer 29

Tasks that girls see as their territory and whats boys see as their territory

Question 30

Gendered career opportunites

Answer 30

Careers that are mainly aimed towards a specific gender, eg engineering for boys

Question 31

Hegemonic masculinity

Answer 31

The dominant form of masculinity that is privileged and upheld by society

Question 32

Ideological state apparatus

Answer 32

Those institutions and systems that legitimate and reproduce the state, above all by producing consent

Question 33

Institutional racism

Answer 33

A form of institutional discrimination based on race or ethnic group

Question 34

Labelling

Answer 34

Individuals know themselves how others label them

Question 35

League tables

Answer 35

Rank schools and educational institutions based on various performance metrics, such as student test scores, graduation rates, and other key indicators of educational success