EDUCATION - THEORIES AND EXPLANATIONS

Question 1

Durkheim - 3 functions of Education

Answer 1

• promote social solidarity
• promote co-operation
• develop skills needed for society

Question 2

Gillborn and Youdell - The educational Triage (links to resources used in emergencies eg Wars)

Answer 2

• those who will survive - Those who will pass anyway
• those with a chance of survival - Those who have a potential to pass
• those who will die anyway - Those who will fail anyway

Question 3

what do Gillborn and Youdell believe about the Educational Triage?

Answer 3

that it helps to understand the development of Subcultures

Question 4

Lacey - Differentiation and Polarisation

Answer 4

Differentiation - teachers categorise students according to their ability

Polarisation - reaction formation - pupils move towards one of two poles
- pro school subculture OR anti school subculture

Question 5

Weber - Ideal type consumer

Answer 5

The default positions which is viewed as the norm eg being on time and being well behaved

Question 6

Bowles and Gintis - The hidden curriculum

Answer 6

lessons being indirectly taught in schools

Question 7

Bowles and Gintis - The correspondence principle

Answer 7

Relationships found in schools correspond those in work EXAMPLES :

• school and work both have hierarchies
• people are motivated by external factors eg money
• authority is accepted and never questioned ( Legitimate domination)

Question 8

Factors of material deprivation

Answer 8

• income and housing
• fear of debt
• diet and health
• financial support

Question 9

Bourdieu - 3 types of Capital

Answer 9

• cultural - knowledge , taste
• education - qualifications
• economic - higher income

Question 10

cultural deprivation

Answer 10

• linguistic skills ( language )
• attitudes and values ( sub-cultures)
• family structure ( parental education)

Question 11

Pupil identities

Answer 11

• The ideal pupil - white , middle class with a normal sexuality who are high achievers
• The pathological pupil - Asian , ‘deserving poor’
• The demonised pupil - a black or white working class ( seen as unintelligent)

Question 12

Mirza - 3 types of teacher racism

Answer 12

• The colour blind - believe all pupils are equal but allow racism to go unchallenged
• The liberal Chauvanists - black pupils - culturally deprived and have low expectations of them
• The overt racists - black who are actively discriminated against

Question 13

Cohan - status frustration , value inversion and reaction formation

Answer 13

status frustration - working class boys accepting failure given to them by schools

value inversion - they internalise their conventional values and develop an alternative status hierarchy

reaction formation - form an anti school counter culture

Question 14

Matza and Sykes - subteranean and conventional values

Answer 14

• Subterranean values - me , me , me

- conventional values - working hard , always aiming higher