Education Past Paper Short Markers

Question 0

6 marks 
Identify three government policies that may have reduced social class differences in educational achievement

Answer 0

Sure start
Expansion of higher education
EMA
Comprehensive schooling

Question 1

2 marks

Explain what is meant by ‘material deprivation

Answer 1

Poverty, lack of necessities

Question 2

2 marks

Explain what is meant by the term labelling

Answer 2

Process of attaching a meaning or definition to a person/pupil

Question 3

6 marks

Suggest three examples of ways in which school is organised that may be ethnocentric

Answer 3

School uniform
Christian faith
History taught from British perspective

Question 4

2 marks

What is meant by the correspondence principle

Answer 4

Education mirroring the workplace

Question 5

4 marks

Suggest three criticisms that other sociologists may make of the functionalist view of the education system

Answer 5

Myth of meritocracy
Fails to prepare young people adequately for work
Some pupils aren’t passive and rebel against the schools values

Question 7

2 marks

What is meant by meritocracy

Answer 7

a system which rewards are based on achievement

Question 8

6 marks
Suggest three factors within schools that may lead to the educational
under-achievement of pupils from some minority ethnic groups.

Answer 8

teachers’ racist/negative labelling
ethnocentric curriculum
self-fulfilling prophecy as a result of internalising negative label
discriminatory admission and selection policies
more likely to be placed in a lower stream
anti-school subcultures among some black boys institutional racism.

Question 9

2 marks

What is meant by the term immediate gratification

Answer 9

wanting rewards now,

or leaving school as soon as possible to get a job

Question 10

6 marks

Identify three policies that may promote the marketisation of education.

Answer 10

publication of Ofsted reports
• voucher schemes for school/nursery places
• formula funding/all pupils attracting the same amount of funding
• open enrolment/allowing schools to recruit as many pupils as they can
• schools competing for pupils
• schools opting out of local authority control