Education Key Words

Question 1

Academies

Answer 1

Schools that are independent of local authority control (Labour) in inner-cities or schools that opted out of local authority control (Coalition-)

Question 2

Achieved status

Answer 2

A position in society that affects the way others view you that is earned at least partly from your own efforts eg. a job

Question 3

Ascribed status

Answer 3

A position in society that affects the way others view you which you get at birth eg. being male or female

Question 4

Attainment gap

Answer 4

Any percentage difference between two groups in terms of them achieving a particular educational standard eg. between those who are and aren’t receiving free school meals

Question 5

Capital

Answer 5

Asset that can be used to produce more resources

Question 6

City technology colleges

Answer 6

Schools set up in inner-cities with an emphasis on scientific and technical subjects along with maths

Question 7

Capital

Answer 7

Asset that can be used to produce more resources

Question 8

City technology colleges

Answer 8

Schools set up in inner-cities with an emphasis on scientific and technical subjects along with maths

Question 9

Compensatory education

Answer 9

Additional education provided to try to address underperformance by particular social groups in the education system

Question 10

Comprehensive school

Answer 10

A school attended by all children regardless of ability or aptitude

Question 11

Correspondence principle

Answer 11

The Marxist idea (Bowles & Gintis) that the structure, organisation and values of educational institutions reflect, or corrrespond to those in capitalist business

Question 12

Cream-skimming

Answer 12

Schools or other educational institutions selecting the most able pupils/students to attend

Question 13

Cultural capital

Answer 13

Non-material assets such as your social class which are valued by society and can be helpful in achieving educational success

Question 14

Cultural deprivation

Answer 14

Lacking or being deficient in the attitudes, values, knowledge, linguistic ability or lifestyles necessary to succeed in the educational system

Question 15

Culture

Answer 15

The norms, values, attitudes and lifestyle of a social group

Question 16

Deterministic

Answer 16

A theory that sees behaviour as entirely determined by external circumstances, leaving the individual with little or no choice about how they behave

Question 17

Differential educational achievement

Answer 17

Systematic differences in the performance of social groups in the education system

Question 18

Disconnected choosers

Answer 18

Parents who lack the skills and resources to exercise choice effectively in the education system

Question 19

Economic base

Answer 19

In Marxist theory, the foundation of society consisting of the economic system

Question 20

Economic capital

Answer 20

Material assets such as housing and income that can be helpful in achieving educational success

Question 21

Education action zones

Answer 21

Areas of deprived inner-citie where additional compensatory education scheme were started in the 1970’s

Question 22

Education triage

Answer 22

The rationing of education so that only those who are likely to attain targets through receiving extra help are provided with additional assistance

Question 23

Egoism

Answer 23

A situation where people are not well integrated into social groups and therefore are mainly concerned with themselves rather than others (Durkheim)

Question 24

Elaborated codes

Answer 24

A type of speech where the meaning are fille in and made explicit, sentences are longer and more complex than in restricted codes

Question 25

Ethnographic study

Answer 25

The study of a lifestyle of a group of people

Question 26

Fatalism

Answer 26

A belief that you chances in life are hated by luck or fate rather than blieving you can determine them by you own efforts

Question 27

Fragmented centralisation

Answer 27

The proces whereby the government give more independence or autonomy to individual schools but takes increasing central control of one aspect of education policy eg. the curiculum