Education In Colonial America Flashcards
The law of 1642
Massachusetts was the first state to enact a law that required parents to provide the children under their care with a basic education (literacy and numeracy)
The law of 1647 (the Deluder Satan Act)
Required that towns of a certain size hire a schoolmaster to teach local children; first law requiring public schooling
Normal schools
Education training for future teachers; developed in the 19th century; focused on norms;
Subscription schools
Paid by the students’ parents that can afford it; free for the poor
14th amendment
States must apply the law equally to all people.
1954 Brown Vs the Board of Education
Segregation in school declared illegal by the Supreme Court under the 14th amendment
1982 Plyer VS Doe
Children of undocumented immigrants have the right to attend public school for free
PARC VS Pennsylvania and Mills VS Board of Education
Fought for children with disabilities to be given equal rights and integrated into mainstream classrooms.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or IDEA: putting students with disabilities in the least restrictive environment
Freedmen’s Bureau
Helped freed slaves and refugees transition to freedom; established public schools and post-secondary education (Howard University) for African Americans.
Education in Colonial America
Social class, race, and gender determined education in colonial America in the 17th and 18th centuries.
Low class: apprenticeship (3-7years)
Middle class: dame school
Upper class: tutoring and post-secondary education abroad
New England: education led by Puritans
Middle colonies: diverse systems depending on the local social group (e.g.: Quakers)
Southern colonies: private tutoring for children of plantations’ owners
Progressive Era
1880s-1920s: a time of great social activism and political reform; expansion of high schools, urban education, securing rights for all people (poor, minorities, immigrants, women)
Jim Crow’s laws
Segregation laws; ‘separate but equal’
Rosenwald Schools
Julius Rosenwald and Booker T. Washington provided good school in the South for colored people; by 1932, almost 5,000 schools
Plessy VS Ferguson
Separate wagons on a train
Cumming VS Richmond County Board of Education
State could tax both blacks and whites, even though they only provided a school for whites
