education - class differences in achievement - material deprivation

Question 1

in general who achieves the least in the education system?

Answer 1

•working class pupils in general achieve the less than middle class children in education.
•children who have parents of higher professions are almost twice as likely as children of manual workers to get five or more GCSE passes at grade 4 or above

Question 2

what are cultural factors?

Answer 2

these include class differences in norms and values acquired through socialisation, attitudes to education and, speech codes etc

Question 3

what are material factors?

Answer 3

these are the physical necessities of life, such as adequate housing, diet and income

Question 4

how does material deprivation lead to educational failure?

Answer 4

material deprivation or poverty can cause working class underachievement because of factors such as
•inadequate housing - overcrowding, living in temporary accommodation. overcrowding can make it difficult for a child to somewhere quiet to do homework. temporary accommodation can mean frequent moves and changes of school, making it difficult for a child to academically catch up.
•poor diet