education Flashcards
education
transfer of knowledge and values from one generation to the next; defines what kind of person we are and what we might become
sociological importance of education
knowledge is power
education related to cultural capital; major disparities in quality of education; schools are formal institutions
early National Period
states given a role in the distribution of education; federal government is meant to use education to improve people’s lives and help nation grow
Development of Universal Elementary education
early schools focused on religion; harsh discipline; formal and impersonal; teachers poorly prepared-many only had 8th grade education; taught reading, writing, arithmetic
Common school movement (1820-1865)
tax payers help finance public education; first formal school created; established trend that education available to all; standardized curriculum and divided by grade level
1900-WWII
Dewey- believed citizens had to be educated to share in the duties and responsibilities of society; recognized individual differences among children
First colleges
in 17th century; established to train ministers and government leaders; needed proficiency in Latin and Greek for admission; curriculum emphasized classics and liberal arts, no sciences taught; Harvard was first
life in early colleges
most college presidents were religious leaders; tension between faculty and students-faculty served parental role, supervised student conduct and morality
enrollment in early colleges
limited to white males, mostly from prosperous families; attendance added to existing social standing, rather than providing means for social mobility; little emphasis on actually finishing college
education of African Americans
low literacy rates before civil war; still substandard funding post war; separate but equal policy, but not at all equal; Land Grant Act of 1890 gave funding for black colleges, to study agriculture and mechanical arts
Golden Age
academic revolution; colleges gained greater influence; Truman expanded access and affordability to higher education; expanded research grants
1960s
Rise of Multiversity-students began to complain of large class size and distance between faculty and students
1970s-1990
rise in diversity of students; more financial aid opportunities
Education effects
human capital-direct job skills
general capacities-math language
general dispositions-goal orientation, self control
important in ago of information
Functionalist view
manifest functions: transmission of knowledge, bestowal of status
latent functions: transmission of culture; social/political integration; agent of social change
