education

Question 1

experience based on class

what is bernsteins key idea that can be used for experience based on class?

Answer 1

speach codes - restricted and elaborated code

Question 1

bernstein - experience based on class

how do the middle class benefit from the elaborated code in education according to bernstein?

Answer 1

middle class children are socialised into the elaborated code from an early age so they have an advantage

Question 2

bernstein - experience based on class

where is the elaborated code used in education?

Answer 2

the teachers, textbooks and exams use the elaborated code

Question 3

douglas - experience based on class

what does douglas say about working class parents view of education?

Answer 3

Douglas says that working class parents place less value on education

Question 4

douglas - experience based on class

douglas says working class parents put less value on education - what does this cause?

Answer 4

they are less ambitious for their children and give them less encouragement to participate in educational activities

Question 5

douglas - experience based on class

douglas also says many working class parents do not attend…..

finish the sentance

Answer 5

parents evening

Question 6

douglas - experience based on class

why do many working class parents not get as involved with the school and attend things like parents evening?

Answer 6

they dont see education as that important so they will be less inclined to get involved with educational activities or events

Question 7

douglas - experience based on class

what is the problem with douglas’ ideas

Answer 7

1. they are very deterministic and also general
2. they assume that all working class parents share the same views on education and its value and that they will respond to this the same way

Question 8

experience of education based on class

name 3 of the potential problems with housing for a working class student

Answer 8

1. crowded conditions may prevent them from studying of completing homework
2. poor housing conditions may cause poor health eg lots of mould
3. those living in temporary housing may move frequently which impacts the childs education

Question 9

experience of education based on class

how can material deprivation impact a students health and what affect may this have?

Answer 9

Young people from poorer homes have lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals which could lead to poor health and absence from school

Question 10

Bourdieu - experience of education based on class

what did Bourdieu suggest middle class children have that working class childrent dont?

Answer 10

cultural capital -although working class have some cultural capital, the middle class have much more cultural capital

Question 11

experience based on class

what did becker suggest that teachers do in his labelling theory?

Answer 11

label some students as an ideal pupil

Question 12

experience based on class

what did Willis find about the lads views on education in his study?

Answer 12

1. the lads didnt see education as important
2. they only did what they could get away with rather than pushing it too far
3. they saw themselves as superior to those who conformed and the teachers

Question 13

experience based on class

what methods did willis use to investigate the lads?

Answer 13

informal interviews and participant observation

Question 14

experience based on class

what work did the lads feel they were destined to go into which can be linked to class?

Answer 14

masculine and manual work

Question 15

experience based on class

what did willis say the benefit of the lads was in relation to their post school activities?

Answer 15

low pay, low status jobs need filling but most people dont want to fill these roles however, the lads will fill these roles

Question 16

what is typing?

Answer 16

Typing - a process where teachers put students into certain types when they know very little about their students

Question 17

why is typing a problem in school?

Answer 17

can cause certain students to be labelled as ‘troublemakers’

Question 18

who is typing more likely to effect in school?

Answer 18

ethnic minorities and working class students

Question 19

what did Gillborn and youdell find in 2001 about sets?

Answer 19

black and working class pupils were likely to be placed in lower sets than middle class pupils even if they were achieving the same grades

Question 20

why might teachers place the black and working class pupils in the lower sets even if they are achieving the same grades?

Answer 20

teachers may already have perceived views that black or working class individuals can’t achieve the same result as middle class individuals

Question 21

what did bowles and gintis argue the main role of education is in capitalist societies?

Answer 21

reproduction of labour power

Question 22

who proposed the idea of the hidden curriculum?

Answer 22

bowles and gintis

Question 23

in what 2 ways do bowles and gintis argue that the hidden curriculum shapes the work force?

Answer 23

1. it produces passive and docile workers
2. it encourages the acceptance of heirarchy

Question 24

where is the hidden curriculum learned?

Answer 24

the hidden curriculum is not learned in the content of lesson but through ecperience of attending school

Question 25

give two examples of what might be learnt through the hidden curriculum

Answer 25

1. existence of heirachy
2. concentrating for long periods of time
3. sitting still

Question 26

experience of school based on gender

what did swan say about boys vs girls in the classroom?

Answer 26

swan said that boys dominate classroom discussions and that girls are better at listening and co-operating

Question 27

experience of school based on gender

spender argued that knowledge is male and…..

Answer 27

boys recieve more attention in the classroom

Question 28

experience of school based on gender

spender said that education is controlled by men, what does spender say men use their power to do in education?

Answer 28

men use their power to define mens knowledge as valueable but womens knowledge is seen as insignificant

Question 29

how does parsons see education? (2 points)

Answer 29

1. he sees it as meritocratic
2. sees education as a bridge between family and wider society

Question 30

new right

what do chubb and moe say about why private schools are better than state owned schools?

Answer 30

they say that private schools are better because they have a duty to respond to paying consumers (parents)

Question 31

according to chubb and moe what has state education failed to do?

Answer 31

state education has failed to provide equal opportunity

Question 32

marxism

what two fucntions does althusser say the ideological state apparatus performs?

Answer 32

1. reproduction
2. legitimation

Question 33

marxism

how does althusser say the education system performs reproduction for the ideological state apparatus?

Answer 33

by failing each generation of working class pupils the education system reproduces class inequality

Question 34

how does althusser say the education system performs legitimation?

Answer 34

the education system convinces people that inequality is inevitable and failure is down to the individual, not the capitalist system

Question 35

who came up with the idea of educational triage

Answer 35

gillborn and youdell

Question 36

explain the term educational triage

Answer 36

Educational triage - some people in education are seen as more important than others, schools are more likely to focus their resources on those who are most likely to raise their position in the league table

Question 37

how could educational triage be applied to gender?

Answer 37

girls are generally assumed to be higher achieving than boys which may lead to teacher prioritising girls over boys as they will get the best results

Question 38

how could educational triage be applied to ethnicity?

Answer 38

1. south asian students are generally seen as smart and hard working which may mean increased resources are used on them
2. students of certain ethnicities such as black students are less likely to have resources focused on them

Question 39

how could educational triage be applied to class?

Answer 39

working class students wont have resorces focused on them as teachers may assume they wont perform well but middle class students are more likely to have resources focused on them

Question 40

what was the tripartite system?

Answer 40

a system where the secondary school you went to depended on your results on the 11+ exam

Question 41

what did the tripartite system introduce?

Answer 41

1. the 11+ exam
2. two types of school (secondary moderns and grammar schools)