EDA

Question 1

science that deals with the collection, organization, presentation, analysis
and interpretation of data

Answer 1

statistics

Question 2

procedures that organize, summarize, and describe quantitative data

Answer 2

Descriptive Statistics

Question 3

making a judgement or a conclusion about a population

Answer 3

Inferential Statistics

Question 4

totality of objects, persons, places, things used in a particular study

Answer 4

Population or universe

Question 5

facts, figures, and information collected on some characteristics of a
population or sample
- qualitative or quantitative

Answer 5

Data

Question 6

raw data organized into groups or categories
- referred to as frequency distribution

Answer 6

Grouped Data

Question 7

not organized in any specific way
- collected as gathered

Answer 7

Ungrouped Data

Question 7

Methods on Obtaining Data

Answer 7

1. Methods of Data Collection
2. Planning and conducting Surveys
3. Planning and conducting experiments

Question 8

person who conducts the inquiry

Answer 8

Investigator

Question 8

person who helps in collecting information

Answer 8

Enumerator

Question 9

where information is collected

Answer 9

Respondent

Question 10

investigator’s use from the primary source

Answer 10

Primary Data

Question 11

• collected by some other organization for their own use

Answer 11

Secondary Data

Question 12

use the population or sample of the historical data

Answer 12

Retrospective Study

Question 13

• only observe the subjects and do not interfere

Answer 13

Observational Study

Question 14

way to solve a problem areas with no scientific or engineering theory

Answer 14

Experiments Designed

Question 15

method of asking respondents some well-constructed questions
- efficient way of collecting information

Answer 15

Survey

Question 16

fewer misunderstood questions
● fewer incomplete responses
● higher response rates
● expensive and time consuming
● requires large staff of interviewers

Answer 16

Face to Face

Question 17

less expensive, less pressure on respondents
● doesn’t require many interviewers
● lower response rates

Answer 17

Self-administer

Question 18

1. Determine the objectives of your survey
2. Identify the target population sample
3. Choose an interviewing method
4. Decide what questions you will ask
5. Conduct the interview and collect the information
6. Analyze the results (graphs/conclusions)

Answer 18

STEPS ON DESIGNING A SURVEY

Question 19

process of selecting units from a population or sample

Answer 19

Sampling

Question 20

representative of the target population

Answer 20

Sample

Question 21

sampling technique in which the researcher chooses samples from a larger
population using a method based on the theory of probability

• most critical requirement is that everyone in your population has a known and
  equal chance of getting selected
• gives the best chance to create a sample that is truly representative of the
  population

Answer 21

Probability Sampling

Question 22

basic sampling technique where a group of subjects ia selected for
study from a larger group

Answer 22

Simple Random Sampling

Question 23

• obtained by taking samples from each stratum or sub-group of a
  population

Answer 23

Stratified Sampling

Question 24

• sampling technique where the entire population is divided into groups
  or clusters, and a random sample of these clusters are selected
• researchers divide a population into smaller groups known as
  clusters
• often used to study large populations

Answer 24

Cluster Sampling

Question 25

judgement or subjective sampling
- convenient and economical but the inferences made based on the findings
are not so reliable
- not all members of the population have an equal chance of participating in
the study
- most useful for exploratory studies like a pilot survey

Answer 25

Non-probability Sampling

Question 26

use a device in obtaining the information from the respondents which
favors the researcher but can cause bias to the respondents

Answer 26

Convenience Sampling

Question 27

selection is predetermined according to the characteristic of interest
made by the researcher

Answer 27

Purposive Sampling

Question 28

major characteristics of the population by sampling a proportional
amount of each is represented

Answer 28

Proportional

Question 29

bit less restrictive
- process of selecting equal sized samples from subgroups if subgroup
comparisons are required

Answer 29

Non-proportional

Question 30

series of tests conducted in a systematic manner to increase the
understanding of an existing process

Answer 30

Experiment

Question 31

tool to develop an experimentation strategy that maximizes learning using
minimum resources

• widely and extensively used by engineers and scientists in improving existing
  process through maximizing the yield and decreasing the variability
• technique needed to identify the “vital few” factors in the most efficient
  manner

Answer 31

Design of Experiments (DOE)

Question 32

ensures that all factors and their interactions are systematically investigated
resulting to reliable and

Answer 32

Methodology of DOE

Question 33

5 STAGES OF METHODOLOGY OF DOE

Answer 33

planning
Screening
Optimization
Robustness Testing
Verification

Question 34

important to carefully plan for the course of experimentation before
embarking upon the process of testing and data collection

Answer 34

Planning

Question 35

used to identify the important factors that affect the process under
investigation out of the large pool of potential factors

Answer 35

Screening

Question 36

after narrowing down the important factors affecting the process,
determine the best setting of theses factors to achieve the objectives
of the investigation

Answer 36

Optimization

Question 37

resistant to errors in the results

Answer 37

Robustness Testing