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Y2 - Dermatology > Eczema > Flashcards

Eczema Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are the features of acute eczema?

A

Papulovesicular
Erythematous
Oedema (spongiosis)
Ooze or scaling and crusting

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2
Q

What are the features of chronic eczema?

A

Thickening
Elevated plaques
Increased scaling

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3
Q

How is an eczema rash described?

A

Itchy, ill-defined edges, erythematous and scaly

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4
Q

What is contact allergic dermatitis?

A

Allergen causes delayed type 4 hypersensitivity

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5
Q

What are examples of causes of contact allergic dermatitis?

A

Chemicals
Topical therapies
Nickel
Plants

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6
Q

What is the immunopathology of contact allergic dermatitis?

A

Langerhans cells in epidermis process antigen then present to Th cells
Sensitised Th cells migrate to lymphatics and lymph nodes
On subsequent antigen challenge specifically sensitised T cells proliferate, migrate to, and infiltrate skin

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7
Q

What is seen in histology of contact allergic dermatitis?

A

Inflammatory infiltrate

Spongiosis - intercellular oedema

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8
Q

How is diagnosis done for contact allergic dermatitis?

A

Specific substances can be identified by patch testing

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9
Q

What is contact irritant dermatitis?

A

Non-specific physical irritation rather than a specific allergic reaction

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10
Q

What are examples of causes of contact irritant dermatitis?

A

Soap
Detergent
Cleaning products

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11
Q

What is the presentation of contact irritant dermatitis?

A 
Erythema
Scale
Fissures
Lichenification
Nail dystrophy
Crusting
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12
Q

What are the clinical features of atopic eczema?

A

Pruritis
Ill-defined erythema and scaling
Generalised dry skin
Flexural distribution

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13
Q

What is atopic eczema associated with?

A

Asthma
Allergic rhinitis
Food allergy

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14
Q

What is eczema herpeticum?

A

Eczema caused by herpes simplex virus

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15
Q

What is the presentation of eczema herpeticum?

A 
Monomorphic punched-out lesions which look like cold sores
Itching
Flexural rash
Dry skin
Usually under age 2
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16
Q

How is eczema treated?

A 
Emollients
Avoid irritants
Topical steroids
Treat any infection (antibiotics)
Phototherapy
Systemic immunosuppressants
17
Q

What are other rarer types of eczema?

A 
Discoid eczema
Photosensitive eczema
Stasis eczema
Seborrheic dermatitis
Pompholyx eczema
Lichen simplex
18
Q

What does discoid eczema look like?

A

Multiple circular lesions

19
Q

What does photosensitive eczema look like?

A

Cut off at collar where the skin is covered

20
Q

What can status eczema be secondary to?

A

Hydrostatic pressure
Oedema
Red cell extravasation

Y2 - Dermatology (12 decks)

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