Ecumenical Councils Flashcards
means inhabited world
ecumenical
worldwide council called to solve issues on church teachings and biblical truth; only 21 ever called
ecumenical council
called by constantine to settle arian controversy on person/nature of Jesus
First Nicaea 325 AD
means “of the same substance” where consubstantial comes from; word to describe Jesus’ relation to father
homoousios
Annunciation
Anathema
called by emperor Theodosius I, under pope damascus, confirmed teachings of Nicaea council on Arian controversy; Affirmed divinity of Holy Spirit and Made Nicene Creed
1st Constantinople
declared Mary ‘theotokos” or God bearer; affirmed Jesus 1 person 2 natures
Ephesus
Held under Pope Leo there Great and emperor Marcian, called in response of eutakyianism; affirmed 1 person 2 natures of God and man of christ
Chalcedon
called by Constantine the IV under Pope Agatho and Leo II; condemned monothelitism; defined 2 wills of christ human and divine
Third Constantinople
Held under Constantine VI for his mother Irene and Pope Adrian; regulated for the veneration of icons
Second Nicaea
symbols used by the faith like paints for meditation and reminder purposes
icons
under Pope Innocent III; most influential council regulated catholics must confess once a year and minimally receive eucharist on Easter
Fourth Lateran Council
Most influential Pope in Church History
Pope Innocent 3
held under 5 popes; Paul 3, Juilius 3, Marcellus 2, Paul 4, Pius 4; called in response of protestant reformation; Set canon of books to 27 NT books, recognized 7 sacraments; brad and wine turn to body and blood of Jesus
Council of Trent
martin luther and 91 thesis
made people doubt faith
western church split
Protestant reformation
scripture alone has authority ; protestants have equal authority; catholics
Sola Scriptura
faith alone saves
Sola fides
Jesus is fully present in the Body and Blood
transubstantiation
defined Papal infallibility ; called by Pius XI
Vatican 1
definitive statement of faith and cannot error
papal infallibility
speaking as successor of peter
ex cathedra
one of most influential councils of the world; to address church in modern times
vatican 2
called vatican 2
John 23
dogmatic constitution of the church
mission to carry out gospel
different complimentary rules
lumen gentium
dogmatic constitution on Divine Revelation
bible and divine inspired interpretation of God
Dei Verbum
Dogmatic constitution on Sacred Liturgy
common language, faces people, more participation
Sacrosanctum concillium
dogmatic constitution of the Church in the modern world
addresses current social issues
Gaudium et Spes
What distinguishes Ecumenical Councils from other meetings?
Bishops all over the world join to discuss major topics, many theological intelligent people may be called as well
