Ectoparasiticides Flashcards
Who controls all insecticides and pest control products that have not undergone FDA testing?
EPA
True or False: you are only allowed to legally use a product as directed by manufacturer and evaluated by the EPA (as labeled)
True
Which agency has higher jurisdiction, EPA or FDA?
FDA
Off label drug use is permitted if deemed necessary by which agency?
FDA
Which FDA-approved drug can you not break the package and give as a single dose?
Advantage multi
What are your oral miticidal treatment options for Demodex?
- Milbemycin (daily)
- Ivermectin (daily)
- Sarolaner (all -laners are monthly)
- Fluralaner (can be used as topical for cats - Bravecto)
- Afoxolaner
- Lotilaner
What drugs should you always avoid with demodex?
steroids - can make infection worse
What are your topical miticidal treatment options for Demodex?
- Amitraz (weekly dip)
- Moxidectin/imidacloprid (q1-4 wk application)
- Rotenone (Goodwinol) - daily
- Lime sulfur’s (CATS - WEEKLY)
What should some of your concerns for demodex treatment be?
- NO STEROIDS
- Heartworm status - macrocyclic lactones
- MDR-1 status (macrocyclic lactones)
- sedation (Amitraz)
- Local irritation (Goodwinol)
- Stink/staining (Lime sulfur)
- secondary dz associations - Pemphigus f., species concerns
What’s a good way to remember which heartworm preventives are microfilaricidal?
if their generic names start with “m” (moxidectin, milbemycin), they are microfilaricidal
How do you treat scabies?
- Ivermectin (PO, daily)
- Selamectin (topical q2 wks, DOGS)
- Lime sulfur (weekly dips) - significant antipruritic effect
- Flumethrin (collar) - “aids in treatment”
- Moxidectin (w/ imidacloprid) - weekly topical
- Fipronil (off label usage q2 wks)
- -laners (avoid in epileptics)
What are some considerations to have with flea control?
- Environmental control
- Life stage being controlled
- No other animals moving in/out of environment
- Requires 3-6 months of GOOD environmental (including ALL pets in household) treatment to control an environment
How long do topical flea treatments take to reach a steady state?
- 5-6 months after starting monthly application
- Applying topical more frequently does NOT achieve a HIGHER steady state, but does achieve steady state a bit SOONER
How do you treat the environment for flea control?
- treat ALL animals in house
- treat/wash the bedding/furniture/carpets
- treat shaded to daylight areas of the year (PHOTOPHOBIC)
- ”Flea bombs” are treating a lot of area that fleas do not get to
- It takes 3-6 months to control an infested environment
How do fleas develop resistance?
- All/most fleas in genetic population must be exposed to the same insecticide consistently (closed environment)
- no/few hosts in environment that are NOT treated
- no/minimal refugia
- +/- duration of potential exposure (older products)
