Ecosystems Test 7 Science Flashcards

1
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

The independent variable is the variable you investigate (the variable that changes)

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2
Q

What is the dependent variable?

A

The dependent variable is the variable you measure (it depends on the independent variable)

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3
Q

What is the controlled variable?

A

The controlled variable is the variable that stays the same

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4
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

A geographic area where plants, animals and other organisms, as well as weather and landscapes interact

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5
Q

What is a detrivore?

A

An organism that eats dead matter

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6
Q

What is a decomposer?

A

An organism that breaks down dead matter and returns the nutrients to the environment

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7
Q

What is a herbivore?

A

An organism that only consumes plants

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8
Q

What is a carnivore?

A

An organism that only consumes animals

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9
Q

What is a omnivore?

A

An organism that consumes both animals and plants

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10
Q

What is a primary consumer?

A

The first organism in the food chain that consumes other organisms (must be a herbivore)

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11
Q

What is a producer?

A

The organism at the start of the food chain that gets its energy from photosynthesis

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12
Q

What is a food web?

A

Multiple food chains interconnected

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13
Q

What is a secondary consumer?

A

The second organism in the food chain that consumes other organisms (must be omnivore or carnivore)

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14
Q

What is a tertiary consumer?

A

The third organism in the food chain that consumes other organisms (must be omnivore or carnivore)

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15
Q

What is an apex predator?

A

The organism in the food chain that is not preyed on by any other organisms, also known as top predator (usually carnivore)

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16
Q

Corn->Rat->Owl
Which is the producer?

A

Corn

17
Q

Carrots->Rabbit->Fox->Lion
Which is the apex predator?

A

Lion

18
Q

Grass->Grasshopper->Frog->Snake->Eagle
Which is the tertiary consumer?

A

Snake

19
Q

Grass->Grasshopper->Frog->Snake->Eagle
Which is the herbivore?

A

Grasshopper

20
Q

What is a habitat?

A

An area where an individual species may live, feed and reproduce.

21
Q

What are the three types of adaptations?

A

Structural, behavioural, physiological

22
Q

What is a structural adaptation?

A

An adaptation that has something to do with physical features

23
Q

What is a behavioural adaptation?

A

An adaptation that involves response to a stimulus, for example hibernation, migration, nocturnal behaviour

24
Q

What is a physiological adaptation?

A

A “functional” adaptation, for example sweat or venom

25
Q

What does abiotic mean?

A

Non-living factors

26
Q

What does biotic mean?

A

Living factors

27
Q

Name a biotic factor.

A

Competition, predation, etc

28
Q

Name an abiotic factor.

A

Temperature, air, water, etc