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Science 9 > Ecosystems: Flow of Energy and Matter in Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ecosystems: Flow of Energy and Matter in Ecosystems Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Self feeders that can produce their own food.

A

-Autotrophs

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2
Q

Organism that can produce their food through the process of photosynthesis.

A

-Photoautotrophs

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3
Q

Organism that can produce their food through synthesizing energy from chemical substances.

A

-Chemoautotrophs

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4
Q

Process of using the energy from inorganic substances.

A

-Chemosunthesis

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5
Q

Organisms that feed on autotrophs or other heterotrophs to obtain the energy they need.

A

-Heterotrophs

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6
Q

The overall chemical reactions that happen in an organism.

A

-Metabolism

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7
Q

The constructive phase of metabolism.

A

-Anabolism

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8
Q

An energy storing reaction.

A

-Endergonic reaction

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9
Q

The destructive phase of metabolism.

A

-Catabolism

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10
Q

An energy releasing reaction

A

-Exergonic reaction

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11
Q

Visible portion of the sun’s radiation.

A

-Light

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12
Q

The high energy organic molecule that powers various life activities

A

-Food

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13
Q

The food factories in a plant.

A

-Leaves

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14
Q

The raw materials for photosynthesis

A
  • carbon dioxide

- water

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15
Q

The tiny pores of a leaf.

A

-Stomata (stoma)

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16
Q

Carbon dioxide dissolves in water and is stored in the leaf in the form of_______.

A

-Carbonic acid

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17
Q

Where are pigments located in?

A

-Plastids

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18
Q

Which pigments give the leaf its green color and light trapping ability?

A

-Chlorophyll

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19
Q

Powers the entire photosynthetic reaction.

A

-Energy

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20
Q

Substances that speed up or slow down specific reactions related to photosynthesis.

A

-Enzymes

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21
Q

Substances that can readily accept and release high energy electrons

A

-Electron Carriers

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22
Q

Disc shaped structures that are suspended in the cytoplasm of plant cells.

A

-Chloroplasts

23
Q

Thin, flat disc like sacs that is suspended in a jelly like fluid.

A

-Thylakoids

24
Q

A jelly like fluid that suspends the thylakoids.

A

-Stroma

25
Q

A stack or pile of thylakoids.

A

-Granum (grana)

26
Q

Thylakoids and electron carriers that are organized into units. It is the functional and structural unit involved in the photosynthetic.

A

-Photosystems

27
Q

Type of chlorophyll molecule that can absorb light energy and readily release an electron.

A

-Reaction Center

28
Q

A series of electron carriers.

A

-Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

29
Q

Composed of chlorophyll pigments that gather and absorb light until it reaches the reaction center.

A

-Antenna Molecules

30
Q

A high energy chemical substance.

A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

31
Q

Leads to the formation of ATP, NADPH, oxygen, and water vapor.

A

-The Light Reaction

32
Q

This reaction involves photosystem I wherein the reaction center is P700.

A

-The Cyclic Light Reaction

33
Q

This reaction involves both photosystem I and II. The reaction center is P680.

A

-The Non Cyclic Light Reaction

34
Q

Involves utilization of energy from ATP and NADPH in the synthesis of food (glucose), the final product of the process.

A

-The dark reaction

35
Q

Cellular respiration that makes use of oxygen gas to break glucose to produce ATP.

A

-Aerobic Cellular Respiration

36
Q

The cellular organelles where cellular respiration takes place.

A

Mitochondria.

37
Q

Involves the process of yielding ATP from glucose molecules with or without the presence of oxygen gas.

A

-Cellular Respiration

38
Q

Cellular respiration that doesn’t use oxygen to break glucose to produce ATP.

A

-Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

39
Q

The release of energy in glucose molecule and the production of ATP is the primary role of cellular respiration.

A

-Oxidation Reduction Reaction (Redox Reaction)

40
Q

Happens if a molecule donates energy-rich electrons

A

-Oxidation

41
Q

Happens when a molecule gains energy by receiving electrons.

A

-Reduction

42
Q

When a molecule loses electrons

A

-Oxidized

43
Q

When a molecule gains electrons

A

-Reduction

44
Q

The addition of phosphate group of ATP to any molecule.

A

-Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation

45
Q

The addition of Enzyme to speed up the process of cellular respiration.

A

-Enzyme Actions

46
Q

The first stage of Aerobic where glucose is broken down to pyruvate yielding NADH and a little ATP.

A

-Glycolysis

47
Q

What is an anaerobic process that does not use electron transport chain and chemosis?

A

-Fermentation

48
Q

How many ATP molecules are created from 10 NADH and 2 FADH^2 after electron transport chain and chemiosmosis in the mitochondrial matrix?

A

-32 ATP

49
Q

What is the stage of cellular respiration that happens in the mitochondria?

A

Krebs Cycle

50
Q

What is the first stage of cellular respiration?

A

-Glycolysis

51
Q

Where do photoautotrophs store their chemical energy during photosynthesis?

A

-Chloroplast

52
Q

What is a waste product released during photosynthesis?

A

-ATP and Carbon Dioxide

53
Q

Where does the cellular respiration of photoautotrophs happen?

A

–Cytoplasm and Mitochondria

Science 9 (4 decks)

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