Ecosystems

Question 1

Biotic

Answer 1

A living factor of the environment

Question 2

Symbiosis

Answer 2

The close relationship between two dissimilar organisms

Question 3

Mutualism

Answer 3

Symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit

Question 4

Parasitism

Answer 4

Symbiotic relationship where one organism lives on another and feeds on it

Question 5

Predation

Answer 5

Symbiotic relationship where one organism feeds on another

Question 6

Commensalism

Answer 6

Symbiotic relationship where only one organism benefits but the other is unharmed

Question 7

Competition

Answer 7

When two or more organisms rely on the same environmental resource

Question 8

Decomposer

Answer 8

Organisms, such as bacteria and fungi, that break down the bodies of dead organisms and animal wastes, and recycle material

Question 9

Producer

Answer 9

Organisms that make food for the community

Question 10

Herbivore

Answer 10

An animal that only eats plants

Question 11

Carnivore

Answer 11

An animal that only eats other animals

Question 12

Omnivore

Answer 12

An animal that eats both plants and animals

Question 13

Photosynthesis

Answer 13

The process by which plants use the sun to make their food

Question 14

Photosynthesis

Word equation

Answer 14

Sunlight
Carbon dioxide + water > glucose + oxygen
Chlorophyll

Question 15

Adaptions

Answer 15

A feature that an organism has that enables it to survive

Question 16

Structural adaption

Answer 16

Is a body part that helps an organism survive

Question 17

Structural adaption example

Answer 17

A bats wings to enable it to fly

Question 18

Behavioural adaption

Answer 18

A feature of an organisms actions or way of life that helps it.

Question 19

Behavioural adaption example

Answer 19

The spinifex hopping mouse, only goes out at night when the air is cool, so they don’t dehydrate

Question 20

Interdependent

Answer 20

Relationship between organisms, where each affects the others survival

Question 21

First order consumer

Answer 21

In a food chain, the position of a herbivore. Who eats the producer

Question 22

Second order consumer

Answer 22

The animal feeding on the first order consumer

Question 23

Third order consumer

Answer 23

The animal that feeds on the second order consumer

Question 24

Functional adaptions

Answer 24

Is a feature of the way an organisms body works

Question 25

Abiotic

Answer 25

A non-living factor of an environment

Question 26

Functional adaption example

Answer 26

When you exercise, your body automatically makes your heart beat faster so more blood is supplied to your muscles

Question 27

Where does energy flow in ecosystems?

Answer 27

Energy flows from one organism to another as it is eaten.

Question 28

How much energy is available to each animal?

Answer 28

The energy material available to each organism is only that which is in the body cells of the organism it eats.

Question 29

How much energy is actually transferred to the next organism?

Answer 29

The organism that obtains the energy, only gets 10% of the energy from their prey. It then uses 90% for itself and the next animal that feeds on it, gets the other 10% of the energy

Question 30

Why are food chains short and cut off quickly?

Answer 30

This is because as the energy travels along the chain, the amount gets smaller and smaller until there is no energy left to transfer to another animal.

Question 31

What are pyramids of biomass?

Answer 31

They show the total mass of organism at each stage of a food chain. The area of each section represents the mass of organism at each stage.

Question 32

Why do the areas get smaller in the pyramid of biomass?

Answer 32

Because the producer will have a certain amount of mass, and it will use 90% of it for itself, then transfer 10% to the next organism in the chain. It will then use 90% and give 10% to the next animal. The amount of biomass will decrease.

Question 33

Types of abiotic factors

Answer 33

Water
Air quality
Temperature
Wind
Fire
Light
Soil type
Gas levels

Question 34

Types of biotic factors

Answer 34

Food source
Relationships (such as mutualism, predation etc)
Habitat