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Bio > Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ecosystems Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

has matter and energy

A

open system

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2
Q

has energy but no matter

A

closed system

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3
Q

no matter or energy

A

isolated system

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4
Q

organisms that make their own energy

A

autotrophs

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5
Q

organisms that can’t make their own energy

A

heterotrophs

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6
Q

6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2 + heat

A

photosynthesis (formula)

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7
Q

C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP + heat

A

cellular respiration (formula)

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8
Q

carbon dioxide + water + light energy = carbohydrates + oxygen

A

light energy

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9
Q

process that uses chemical energy to produce carbohydrates

A

chemosynthesis

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10
Q

amount of solar energy converted to chemical energy

A

primary production

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11
Q

day-to-day conditions of earth’s atmosphere

A

weather

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12
Q

long-term patterns of temperature and precipitation over many years

A

climate

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13
Q

radiant energy emitted by the sun

A

solar energy

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14
Q

the suns warmth being trapped in the earth’s atmosphere

A

greenhouse gas effect

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15
Q

winds that occur in belts that go all around the earth

A

global winds

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16
Q

continuous, predictable, and directional movement of seawater driven by gravity, wind, and water density

A

ocean currents

17
Q

average weather in a place

A

regional climate

18
Q

a hot moist biome that rains all year round and known for having many plants and animals

A

tropical rainforest

19
Q

a warm forest with wet and dry seasons with rich soils, deciduous plants, and animals that migrate

A

tropical dry forest

20
Q

warm place with seasonal rainfall and many fires caused by lightening, have many animals that migrate in the dry season and have seasonal leaf loss

A

tropical grassland/savanna/scrubland

21
Q

a low precipitation warm place with poor soil and very few plants, many nocturnal animals who get water from food

A

desert

22
Q

warm summer and cold winters, moderate precipitation, fertile soil, small animals who camouflage, plants resistant to fires

A

temperate grassland

23
Q

warm, dry summers, cool, moist winters, poor soil, plants adapted to drought, animals are commonly burrowers

A

temperate woodland/shrubland

24
Q

cold winters, warm summers, year-round precipitation, fertile soil, many trees, animals hibernate or migrate

A

temperate forest

25
Q

cold and dry summers, mild temperature with plentiful precipitation during the winter, fall, and spring, rocky and acidic soil, many plants and trees, most animals have varied diets

A

northwestern coniferous forest

26
Q

long, cold winters, mild summers, moderate precipitation, acidic and poor soils, some animals migrate, most animals have layers of insulation

A

boreal forest/taiga

27
Q

strong winds, low precipitation, short, soggy summers, long, cold, and dark winters, small plants that grow low to the ground, many animals migrate in the winter, many animals have adaptations to stay warm in the winter

A

tundra

28
Q

a large natural stream, of water flowing to the sea, lake, or another stream

A

river

29
Q

a small, narrow river

A

stream

30
Q

a large body of water surrounded by land

A

lake

31
Q

a small body of water formed by embanking/hollowing

A

pond

32
Q

a wetland that forms where a river meets the sea

A

estuaries

33
Q

a specie who’s impacts its community larger that its biomass or abundance

A

key stone specie

34
Q

transformations that change phases which occurs as various kinds of matter pathways

A

biogeochemical

35
Q

additional bacteria mixes this ammonia with oxygen

A

nitrification

36
Q

process of plants absorbing nitrates

A

assimilation

37
Q

when animals die and bacteria converts organic phosphorus into organic phosphorus

A

mineralization

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