Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 6 Genetics And Ecosystems > Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ecosystems Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Decomposers

A

Organisms which decomposes organic material.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Community

A

Multiple populations of species in a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mutualism

A

Both species benefit
E.g. pollination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Commensalism

A

One species benefits and the other has no cost.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Competition

A

Competing for a common resource.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Predation

A

Any predictor prey realtionship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Parasitism

A

One species benefits while the other loses out.
E.g. isopod and fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are examples of dynamic changes to an ecosystem.

A

Predictor prey
Seasons
Tides
Erosion
Natural disasters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Producer

A

An organism which produces its own food through inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide and ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a heterotroph

A

An organism which can’t manufacture its own food therefore finds its own food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What percentage of energy is of inappropriate wavelengths for transfer of energy in a plant.

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What percentage of energy is reflected from the surface of the leaf?

A

5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What percentage of energy is absorbed for transfer of energy in a plant

A

40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What percentage of energy passes through the leaf.

A

5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What percentage of energy in a plant is lost to respiration.

A

5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What percentage of energy in a plant is lost to photosynthesis?

A

33%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What percentage of energy in a plant is lost to storage (starch)?

A

2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why isn’t all of the energy from the sun transferred to each organism which eats another.

A

Energy is lost through:
Excretion
Death
Heat
Some biomass indigestible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How can the amount of energy/number of organisms/biomass available to the next organism be represented?

A

With pyramids.

20
Q

What is scale?

A

Amount of dry mass of organisms at each level of the food chain

21
Q

What is biomass?

A

The mass of material in all living organisms

22
Q

How do light banks increase productivity?

A

Can control duration of light causing longer growth periods
And is more efficient.

23
Q

Crop rotations effects on productivity?

A

It adds nutrition to the soil.

24
Q

Pest control and irrigation effect on productivity?

A

Less loss of biomass
Water is a limiting factor.

25
Q

How can we maximise secondary productivity?

A

No waste food
No movement
Warmth
Antibiotics
Killed young

26
Q

Disadvantages of maximising secondary productivity.

A

Restricted movement may cause osteoporosis
Unnatural conditions cause stress

27
Q

What is a decomposer

A

An organism that eats dead organisms, fallen leaves etc and breaks them down into simpler materials.

28
Q

What are animal decomposers called.

A

Detritivores

29
Q

What are saprotrophs?

A

Release digestive enzymes into the environment so they can absorb them.

30
Q

What is nitrogen fixation?

A

N2 —— NH3

31
Q

Nitrification

A

NH3 —— NO2 And NO2 —— NO3
(Ammonia to nitrite) And (Nitrite to nitrate)

32
Q

Denitrifying

A

NO3 —— N2
(Nitrate to nitrogen gas)

33
Q

Ammonification

A

Conversion of nitrogen containing organic compounds into ammonia

34
Q

What is azotobacter?

A

Bacteria in the soil that does nitrogen fixation

35
Q

what is rhizobium?

A

Bacteria in nodules by legumes which do nitrogen fixation.

36
Q

What is Nitrosomonas?

A

Free bacteria in the soil that does nitrification only in aerobic conditions.
NH4 to NO2

37
Q

What is Nitrobacter?

A

Free bacteria in the soil that does nitrification only in aerobic conditions.
(NO2 to NO3)

38
Q

What percentage of atmospheric gasses are nitrogen?

A

78%

39
Q

How does carbon get released back into the air in the carbon cycle?

A

Respiration and combustion

40
Q

Were is carbon stored in the carbon cycle?

A

Plants, animals, microorganisms and fossils

41
Q

How does carbon leave the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

A

Photosynthesis

42
Q

How does carbon enter decomposers in the soil?

A

Death and decay and unite and faeces

43
Q

What is the Haber process?

A

The artificial fixation of nitrogen

44
Q

What is assimilation

A

The uptake of nitrates by plants.

45
Q

What is the only way of releasing nitrogen back into the atmosphere?

A

Denitrification.

46
Q

What are the three ways of taking nitrogen from the air to ammonia in the soil?

A

Nitrogen fixation, the Haber process and atmospheric fixation.

Module 6 Genetics And Ecosystems (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions