Economic Policies

Question 1

After 1925 what did the fascist economy look like

Answer 1

Free trade

Laissez faire

Question 2

What did the economy look like durning the economic boom from 1922

Answer 2

De’Steffani focussed on :

• tax cuts
• reducing public spending

This increased exports and industrial production boomed

Question 3

Shift towards fascist economics 1925-29

Answer 3

After de’stefani removed. Muss became incharge.

He aimed at autarky

Question 4

Battle for the lire

Answer 4

Govt …

• regulated industrial relations
• managed state finances
• developed and modernised the economy
• tarrifs introduced to protect lire

Question 5

What did the revaluation of the lire do

Answer 5

• 140 to 90 lire to a british pound
• undermined italys exports but made imports cheaper
• led to wage cute, unemployment and falling living standars

Question 6

The corporate state

Answer 6

• workers, employers and fascist officials formed into corporations

Question 7

The vidoni palace Pact

Answer 7

• Oct 1925

- Signed between Confindistris and fascist TU

Question 8

Success of the corporate state

Answer 8

• failed to have dramatic impact on italian economy
• made good propaganda but was useless
• business ignored regulations and maintained their own organisations

Question 9

Response to the depression 1929-36

Answer 9

• 1931 IMI established
• 1933 IRI established

These to aid italian industry and banks

Question 10

What was the IRI

Answer 10

• bought worthless shares abd lent money to industries
• the banking stystem became more or less state owned
• many small firms were saved from bankruptcy

Question 11

Measures to implement autarky included

Answer 11

• battle for grain
• increased currency controls
• quotas on foreign imports
• production of subsitutes for substances not made domestically

Question 12

Negative side effects of autarky

Answer 12

• raw materials very scarce
• domestic production of raw materials in met 1/5 of needs
• wheat imports cut by th battle of the grain
• living standards declined
• italy couldnt enter WW2 as couldnt import raw materials to prepare militarily

Question 13

Battle for births

Answer 13

1927

Wanted to build youthful nation to supply army

Question 14

Battle for births rewards

Answer 14

• loans to married couples, 1/10 loan cancelled after every kid
• employment easier for married men with kids
• health provision for women and children improved
• medals presented to mothers with big family

Question 15

Battle for births punishments

Answer 15

• hig tax for bachelors for ‘unjustified celibacy’
• bachelors blocked from promotion
• 1933 number of women in public sectors limited

Question 16

Success of battle for birth

Answer 16

• marriage rates didnt change
• birth rates declined until 1936
• women still made up 33% workfore in 1936

Question 17

Battle for grain

Answer 17

1925

Self sufficient in terms of grain

Tarriffs placed on foreign imports

Grants given to modern farmers

Resulted in 50% rise in wheat production e.g. po valley

Question 18

Battle for grain failure

Answer 18

• prices rose and living standards decreased
• by 1933 italy still dependent on foreign imorts
• valuable export crops such as olives did not recieve save investment