Economic Geography

Question 1

What’s the population of Jamaica?

Answer 1

2.7 million

Question 2

What has Jamaica suffered from?

Answer 2

Slow growth, debt and high unemployment

Question 3

What is Jamaica’s economy based on?

Answer 3

Tourism,agriculture,manufacturing

Question 4

How many jobs does tourism provide for Jamaica?

Answer 4

200,000

Question 5

How much percent does tourism contribute to Jamaica’s GDP?

Answer 5

It contributes around 32% of Jamaica’s GDP

Question 6

How much does Jamaica earn from tourism?

Answer 6

$2 billion each year

Question 7

How has tourism in Jamaica impacted the economy?

Answer 7

Higher taxes so increased development which reduces the development gap

Question 8

How has tourism in Jamaica improved quality of life?

Answer 8

In the North,people have a high standard of living and are wealthy
A New water treatment plant has reduced pollution
Ecotourism is bringing in an income

Question 9

What are the negatives of tourism in Jamaica?

Answer 9

Many people still have low access to fresh water, healthcare and education
Mass tourism has cause footpath erosion,excessive waste and harmful emissions

Question 10

Give an example of intermediate technology

Answer 10

Taankas that were used in the wakel river basin project in Rajasthan,India
Constructed with resources like brick from the surrounding area which made them easy to use and were efficient

Question 11

What are the limitations of fair trade?

Answer 11

Reliant on consumer choice
Affected by economic downturn
Not everyone is a fair trade producer

Question 12

Define FairTrade

Answer 12

The process of making a product that means the producer gets a fair price and no one is exploited

Question 13

What are the benefits of FairTrade?

Answer 13

FairTrade minimum price - guaranteed fair price for a product
FairTrade premium - extra money for a group of farmers to invest in their community
Working conditions are checked - no child labour, protective equipment,contracts of employment

Question 14

What is debt relief and how does it benefit HIPCs?

Answer 14

Debt that was owed by a country is forgiven
Benefits HIPCs by allowing them to spend money on healthcare or education e.g Ghana instead of paying off debts

Question 15

Why might debt relief be ineffective?

Answer 15

Doesn’t solve issues like corruption
Countries could just acquire more debt

Question 16

What are causes of the development barrier?

Answer 16

Diseases like malaria - kills a child every 30 seconds
High infant mortality rate so high birth rate, rapid population growth

Question 17

What was Nets for Life?

Answer 17

Funded by WorldBank
Provided 63 million nets for mosquitoes
80% of Nigerians had one in 2010
Educated people on how to use it

Question 18

Limitations of Nets for Life

Answer 18

Not everyone got a net
Only short term use
Not effective during the day
Nets got damaged
Insecticides caused skin irritation

Question 19

What are micro finance loans?

Answer 19

Where small amounts of money are taken out for small businesses to increase development in LICs

Question 20

What is nationalisation?

Answer 20

The government buys a business and runs it for the benefit of the country

Question 21

What is privatisation?

Answer 21

A business that is owned by the government is sold to an individual to run privately themselves

Question 22

What is economic rebalancing?

Answer 22

Changing the economy so it’s more varied and balanced and isn’t dependent on just one industry or region

Question 23

What are the causes of uneven development?

Answer 23

Colonialism
Occurrence of disease
Weather and climate

Question 24

Explain why colonialism is a cause of uneven development

Answer 24

Countries e.g. the UK exploited other countries in their empire and grew rich whilst the exploited ones made little money

Question 25

Explain why occurrence of disease is a cause of uneven development

Answer 25

Diseases like malaria are more common in tropical countries. Their spread can lead to high deaths affecting society and the economy

Question 26

Explain why weather/climate is a cause of uneven development

Answer 26

Tropical climates are harder to work in and harder for agricultural production whereas temperate climates are milder and easier to work in
Extreme weather can also damage infrastructure,cause flooding and cause droughts

Question 27

What is HDI made up of?

Answer 27

GNI per head, life expectancy and mean years in school

Question 28

How has industrial development in Singapore reduced the development gap?

Answer 28

In 1970 the GNI per head was $3500
TNCs like Nike have boosted the economy
In 2021 it was $106,000

Question 29

Give an example of aid improving the development of a country

Answer 29

The WorldBank gave aid to Nigeria to build the Aduwan Health Clinic which educates mothers about immunisation,tests for HIV and immunises children against polio.

Question 30

What is successful industrial development?

Answer 30

Being able to trade
Attracting TNCs
Governments encourage capitalism and can invest in country

Question 31

What attracts TNCs to LIC/NEEs?

Answer 31

Cheap/raw materials,cheap labour,tax - free incentives, poor environmental rules and regulations

Question 32

What are advantages of shell for Nigeria?

Answer 32

Created over 10,000 jobs for Nigerians
Provided 3000 scholarships to schools and universities in Nigeria
Shell’s livewire programme helped 8000 Nigerians set up and fund their businesses
Built a network of plants to support the growing manufacturing industry

Question 33

What are disadvantages of shell for Nigeria?

Answer 33

NNPC has taken oil profits due to corruption
Pollutes water and contaminates soil which reduces fishing yields in the Niger Delta
Most crude oil has to be exported to be refined in the USA which costs Nigeria $45 billion a year