ECONOMIC & EMPLOYMENT POLICIES

Question 1

How was Hitler helped financially in 1932?

Answer 1

End of reparations.

Question 2

What was Hitler able to build on, that Schleicher originally created?

Answer 2

Public Works Scheme.

Question 3

What had Hitler promised in 1933?

Answer 3

To solve the unemployment problem within four years.

Question 4

How many Reichsmark were invested in the Nazi employment schemes?

Answer 4

One Billion.

Question 5

How much did car production increase by? How did this happen?

Answer 5

40%

Encouraged by tax concessions.

Question 6

What was introduced in 19(), which helped to employ unemployed youth?

Answer 6

1935 0Introduction of conscription.

Question 7

How many men did the____ Labour _____ employ?

Answer 7

VOLUTNARY LABOUR SERVICE 500,000.

Question 8

What was the result of unemployment by 1938?

Answer 8

Virtually full employment.

Question 9

How much had unemployment fallen to by 1934? When did it fall again after that?

Answer 9

2.5 million in 1934.

1936, following the introduction of conscription.

Question 10

What was the downside of the Reich Labour Service?

Answer 10

Was not only poorly paid, but involved hard labour.

Question 11

What was Schacht appointed in 1934?

Answer 11

Minister of Economics.

Question 12

What did Schacht encourage? What was this policy called?

Answer 12

Heavy state spending.

Deficit Financing.

Question 13

What did deficit financing result in for the government?

Answer 13

70% spending rise.

Question 14

How did the Nazis avoid inflation?

Answer 14

Through the introduction of Mefo bills. (credit notes used to pay the armants factories e.g Krupps to produce arms - allowed secret rearmament, allowed gov to run up a deficit, and could be exchanged for RM)

Question 15

How was the import problem worsening by 1936?

Answer 15

• not achieving autarky
• not creating enough exports to keep up as all was going towards rearmament
• Raising of funds for rearmament, created demand for imports.

Question 16

Who did Hitler appoint after Schacht? As what?

Answer 16

1936

Göring as Commissioner for Raw Materials and Currency.

Question 17

What was the aim regarding production in the four year plan?

Answer 17

GOERING

Increase armaments production and also achieve autarky.

Question 18

How did the four year plan set out to achieve autarky? (3)

Answer 18

Increase agricultural and industrial production, develop ersatz (inferior, cheaper subs of a product) and regulate imports and exports.

Question 19

What type of economy was Hitler working towards?

Answer 19

Total war economy.

Question 20

What was one of the main aims of the four year plan?

Answer 20

To increase the production in key war industries.

Question 21

What was built in order to achieve the desired increase in production?

Answer 21

Large plants (such as refiners, aluminium plants etc)

Question 22

When were Austrian companies taken over? Under what?

Answer 22

1938.

Anschluss.

Question 23

By 1939, when war broke out, how much did the Germans still rely on foreign supplies?

Answer 23

One-third of its raw materials and therefore not ready for total war.

Question 24

How much of the workforce were employed in rearmament?

Answer 24

One-quarter.

Question 25

Where was there shortages due to large-scale rearmament?

Answer 25

Food, consumer goods and raw materials.

Balance of trade had become difficult to finance.

Question 26

What did these shortages in consumer goods, food and raw materials result in?

Answer 26

Discontent among the working-class.

Question 27

How much of German investment had been directed toward rearmament?

Answer 27

Two-Thirds.

Question 28

Why was Hitler forced into war before he was economically ready?

Answer 28

Due to diplomatic developments that brought in France and Britain.

Question 29

What was the downside to the fall in unemployment?

Answer 29

The position of many workers declined, as they were stripped of their rights including negotiations over pay and conditions.

Question 30

What were independent trade unions replaced by?

Answer 30

The German Labour Front (DAF).

Question 31

What did the DAF arrange?

Answer 31

Wages and working conditions.

Question 32

How much did working hours increase by?

Answer 32

Increased from 43 hours per week in 1933 to 47 by 1939.

Question 33

Why was the ‘Strength through Joy’ movement established?

Answer 33

Aware of the need to win support of workers.

Question 34

What was the ‘Strength through Joy’ movement?

Answer 34

NOV 1933

State welfare organisation to gain the support of workers and improve conditions and morale in the workplace.

Question 35

What did the ‘Strength through Joy’ movement offer workers as an incentive?

Answer 35

Real benefits of sports facilities, cultural visits and holidays.

Question 36

What was the reality of the ‘Strength through Joy’ movement and the benefits it promoted?

Answer 36

Only offered to loyal workers and therefore, had limited impact.

Question 37

Overall, what was the reality of the fall in unemployment?

Answer 37

Virtually eradicated, however, it was achieved only because one-quarter of the workforce was employed in rearmament.

Question 38

How much of Germany’s GNP was spent on rearmament?

Answer 38

17% in 1938-39.

Question 39

What did this focus on rearmament create?

Answer 39

Economic problems, such as, production bottlenecks, competition for scarce resources, labour shortages and a growing threat of inflation.

Question 40

Despite the increase in production, what was the result?

Answer 40

Production targets were not met and imports were still needed, which continued to drain the financial resources of the country.

Question 41

What did Schacht create to help unemployment?

Answer 41

1935 National Labour Service (RAD) - extension of Weimar’s public works’ schemes

Question 42

What did RAD use unemployed men to do?

Answer 42

Build government-funded motorways, hospitals, schools etc e.g Olympic Stadium 1936.

Question 43

When did RAD become compulsory?

Answer 43

Men: 1935
Women: 1939

Question 44

How much did the army increase due to conscription?

Answer 44

From 0.4 million in 1935 to 1.4 million in 1939.

Question 45

How much was spent on rearmament?

Answer 45

46 billion marks.