Economic development: exploration, prosperity and depression Flashcards
what was the economic and social impact of the black death
led to the economic decline of landowners who had to pay to get work done on their estates. Some were forced to lease or sell parts of their estates which made land available to more people.
The elites became divided into two parts: the nobles, ranked just below the king, and the gentry, the lesser group. For peasants this meant that serfdom declined and they were free to move around the country as they liked. Some peasants became commercial farmers, owning a small farm and these were known as yeomen.
what is open field system
Fields were divided into strips and shared between the villagers.
what was common land
where the villagers grazed their animals.
what was enclosure
what did this mean for people
the fencing off of land and the abolition of common rights over it.
It deprived the people of their grazing rights and the ability to fish or hunt.
how much land was enclosed in the reign of henry vii
3%
what is engrossing
This was when farms where combined and this did lead to the eviction of families.
what was the anti enclosure laws past and what year
what was the flaw of it
what did it show about Henry’s government
In 1489 an anti-enclosure law was passed. The following year another act forbade the destruction of houses attached to twenty or more acres of land.
This was left to landlords to enforce and they were the ones most likely to benefit from such acts of engrossing.
It did show that Henry’s government was accepting responsibility for solving social problems even if it misunderstood the causes.
what was henry’s support like towards the first exploration
Henry was unable to sponsor Christopher Columbus in his voyage because the council thought the plan misjudged so he seized the opportunity to finance John Cabot. He gave him £50 for the first voyage but would not commit to more until he had proof of success.
what was the failure of the first voyage
what was the second attempt like
Storms ruined this first venture so in 1497 Cabot set out again. After five weeks land was sighted and Henry’s banners were planted. It was probably Newfoundland. Cabot died on the way home
what year was the voyage pursed by sebastian cabot and what were his finding
in 1509
believed he found openeing to the east
sailed into hudson bay
what was the result of henry’s exploration
Henry’s interest England had more knowledge of North America than any other European country. It was not exploited by Henry VIII and it was left to Elizabeth I to re-establish this interest.
