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2024 > Econ AI > Flashcards

Econ AI Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for the study of how individuals and societies allocate their scarce resources to satisfy their unlimited wants?

A

Economía

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2
Q

GDP

A

Producto Interno Bruto (PIB)

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3
Q

Unemployment rate

A

Tasa de desempleo

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4
Q

What is the term for the increase in the overall price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time?

A

Inflación

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5
Q

What is the term for the total value of all final goods and services produced in an economy in a given period of time?

A

Producto Nacional Bruto (PNB)

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6
Q

Exchange rate

A

Tipo de cambio

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7
Q

Shortage

A

Escasez

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8
Q

Monopoly

A

Monopolio

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9
Q

What is the term for the total value of all goods and services produced by a country’s economy within and outside its borders?

A

Producto Nacional Neto (PNN)

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10
Q

What is the term for the total value of all goods and services produced by a country’s economy within its borders?

A

Producto Interno Neto (PIN)

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11
Q

What is the term for the increase in the price of goods and services over time?

A

Tasa de inflación

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12
Q

Monetary base

A

Oferta monetaria

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13
Q

What is the term for the total amount of goods and services produced in an economy over a specific period of time?

A

Producto Bruto Interno (PBI)

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14
Q

What is the term for the measure of how responsive the quantity demanded of a good is to a change in its price?

A

Elasticidad

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15
Q

What is the term for the study of how people make decisions in a world of scarcity?

A

Economía

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16
Q

What is the term for the measure of the responsiveness of the quantity supplied of a good to a change in its price?

A

Elasticidad de la oferta

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17
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money earned by individuals and businesses in a country in a given period of time?

A

Ingreso nacional

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18
Q

What is the term for the total value of all goods and services produced by a country in a given period of time, regardless of where the production takes place?

A

Producto Bruto Nacional (PBN)

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19
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money spent by consumers, businesses, and government on goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time?

A

Gasto nacional

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20
Q

What is the term for the condition where the quantity supplied of a good or service exceeds the quantity demanded?

A

Exceso de oferta

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21
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money that a country owes to foreign creditors?

A

Deuda externa

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22
Q

What is the term for a tax on goods and services that are purchased?

A

Impuesto al valor agregado (IVA)

23
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money that a country owes to its own citizens?

A

Deuda interna

24
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money that a country owes to both foreign creditors and its own citizens?

A

Deuda pública

25
Q

What is the term for the condition where the price of a good or service is determined by the market forces of supply and demand?

A

Economía de mercado

26
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money that a country receives from selling its goods and services to other countries?

A

Exportaciones

27
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money that a country spends on buying goods and services from other countries?

A

Importaciones

28
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money that a country earns from its exports minus the total amount of money that it spends on imports?

A

Balanza comercial

29
Q

What is the term for the total amount of money that a country receives from all sources, including exports, imports, and financial transactions?

A

Balanza de pagos

30
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government takes action to influence the level of economic activity?

A

Política fiscal

31
Q

What is the term for the condition where the central bank takes action to control the money supply and interest rates?

A

Política monetaria

32
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government controls the production and distribution of goods and services?

A

Economía planificada

33
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government owns and operates most businesses and industries?

A

Economía socialista

34
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government plays a limited role in the economy, allowing market forces to determine prices and production?

A

Economía de libre mercado

35
Q

What is the term for the condition where the total amount of goods and services produced in an economy increases over time?

A

Crecimiento económico

36
Q

What is the term for the condition where the economy is in a period of declining economic activity, characterized by falling output and employment levels?

A

Recesión

37
Q

What is the term for the condition where the economy is in a period of prolonged and severe recession, characterized by high unemployment and low economic output?

A

Depresión

38
Q

What is the term for the condition where the prices of goods and services are stable over time, with little to no inflation?

A

Estabilidad de precios

39
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government sets a maximum price that can be charged for a good or service?

A

Control de precios

40
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government sets a minimum price that must be charged for a good or service?

A

Precio mínimo

41
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government provides financial assistance to businesses or industries that are struggling?

A

Subsidio

42
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government imposes a tax on imports to protect domestic industries from foreign competition?

A

Arancel

43
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government removes trade barriers to encourage free trade with other countries?

A

Libre comercio

44
Q

What is the term for the condition where a group of countries agree to remove trade barriers between them?

A

Acuerdo de libre comercio

45
Q

What is the term for the condition where a country produces only the goods and services in which it has a comparative advantage?

A

Ventaja comparativa

46
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government controls the amount of money in circulation to influence economic activity?

A

Política monetaria

47
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government controls the interest rates to influence economic activity?

A

Tasa de interés

48
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government uses its spending and taxation policies to influence economic activity?

A

Gasto público

49
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government uses its spending and taxation policies to influence economic activity?

A

Impuesto

50
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government imposes a tax on goods and services at each stage of production and distribution?

A

Impuesto al valor agregado (IVA)

51
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government provides financial assistance to businesses or industries to promote economic growth?

A

Subsidio

52
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government imposes restrictions on the quantity or quality of goods that can be imported or exported?

A

Control de calidad

53
Q

What is the term for the condition where the government sets a maximum price that can be charged for a good or service?

A

Precio máximo

2024 (13 decks)

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