ecology test Flashcards

1
Q

made up of all the living and nonliving organisms in an environment

A

ecosystem

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2
Q

a place where an organism lives that provides the type of resources needed for survival

A

habitat

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3
Q

all the populations of different species living in an ecosystem

A

community

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4
Q

all the populations that belong to the same species living in a community

A

population

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5
Q

the variety of life in an ecosystem

A

biodiversity

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6
Q

when an organism moves into a population

A

immigration

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7
Q

when an organism moves out of a population

A

emigration

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8
Q

largest number of individuals that an ecosystem can support overtime

A

carrying capacity

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9
Q

a species is excluded from an environment due to conflict between another organism

A

competitive exclusion

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10
Q

unlimited resources

A

biotic potential

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11
Q

an organism that can produce its own energy rich molecules

A

producer

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12
Q

the study of interactions between organisms

A

ecology

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13
Q

an organism who can not produce its own energy rich molecules

A

consumer

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14
Q

an organism that breaks down organic matter

A

decomposer

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15
Q

an organism who only eats plants

A

herbivore

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16
Q

an organism who only eats meat

17
Q

an organism who eats both plants and meat

18
Q

give examples of biotic factors

A

plants
animals
bacteria

19
Q

give examples of abiotic factors

A

rocks

soil

20
Q

What happens when

           birth rate > death rate
A

population increases

21
Q

What happens when

      birth rate
A

population decreases

22
Q

what happens when

                  birth rate equals death rate
A

population stays the same

23
Q

what are two types of graphs that can show population

A

exponential

logistic

24
Q

what type of growth does an exponential graph show

25
what type of growth does a logistic graph show
gradual
26
what are two methods to counting a population over a large area
trap-mark-release | large sample counts
27
name some common limiting factors
predators lack of resources human activity temperature change
28
what are two possible outcomes of conflict between organisms i the same community
on can be exiled | they can divide the resources
29
what does an energy pyramid show
the loss of energy from each trophic level
30
what is predation?
the act of organism killing another for food
31
describe coevolution
back and forth adjustment
32
what is parasitism?
a relationship between organisms in which one benefits while the other is harmed
33
give an example of parasitism
flea on a dog
34
what are the two types of symbiosis
mutualism | commensalism
35
describe mutualism
both organisms benefit
36
describe commensalism
one organism benefits while the other is not affected
37
give an example of a simple food chain and describe how much energy is gained in each trophic level
grass -------- caterpillar -------- bird | 100% -------- 10% -----------------1%
38
describe coevolution between plants and animals
animal eats the plant animal dies animal decomposes giving nutrients back to the plants
39
what makes up our biosphere?
top portion of earth's crust all the water on earth's surface the atmosphere