Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Ecology and Life forms #3 > Flashcards

Ecology and Life forms #3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Classification

A

2 Domains
1 modern bacteria
2 Archaea: ancient extremophiles with different cell wall; and histones like eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Structure of bacteria
size
shape
cell parts

A 
Size: 1-10μm
Shape:
cocci-round
bacillus-hot dog
spirilla-twisted
Cell parts:
ribosomes
chromosomes
plasmids
peptidoglycan cell wall( sugar and protein)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

bacteria reproduction

A

asexual

binary fission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

bacterial conjugation

A

pass plasmids through mating bridge/PILI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

anaerobe

A

dies when exposed to oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

aerobe

A

dies without oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

tetanus

A

in a ball of rust there is bacteria, sitting on metal that rust the bacteria could get inside of you if you step on rusted needle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

photoautotroph

A

uses light as food/energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

chemoautotroph

A

uses chemicals like nitrites and H2S for energy (cave bacteria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

chemoheterotroph

A

get energy by eating organic food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bioremediation

A

help get rid of waste ( septic tanks, toxic waste)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

decomposer

A

break down our garbage and return elements that the earth needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q 
Protista
general traits
examples
effect our life
fungi like protist
animal like protist
A 
General traits:
eukaryotes
most unicellular
most asexual
some consumer
some producers
Examples:
seaweeds/kelp
algae
Effect our life:
make up 70% of oxygen we breathe
important as food (fish eat algae)
commercial uses paints, thickener, ice cream
Fungi like protist:
ex. slime molds
features: unicellular and multicellular stages
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q 
Fungus
food
structure
reproduction
cell wall
uses 
problems
A

Food: heterotrophic decomposers
Structure:
mycelium- long continuous thread of fungus cells
Reproduction: spores, asexual
Cell wall: chitin
Uses:
food industry-wine, beer (yeast-unicellular) bread
most expensive fungus around $1000 (truffle) picks up flavors well, dog trained to look for truffle. Some fungus kill bacteria (penicillin) medicine
Problems:
mold, rot
infections- yeast infection, athletes foot
Ergots- fungus that grows on grain. Salem witches thought to be stoned on Ergots from bread. (makes high)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Plants
kingdom traits
organ function

A

Kingdom traits: photoautotroph, photosynthesis
sexual reproduction
multicellular
Organ function:
roots- absorb water minerals, anchor, store starch
stem- support, transport 2 vascular tissue; phloem, xylem
leaves- photosynthesis, stomata; gas exchange
reproductive structures- flower; to attract pollinators (nectar, colors, smells). seed bearing structures; dry fruits (seeds, beans, nuts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ecology

A

The study of the interactions between life forms and their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Biosphere

A

The region of the earth where life exists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Biome

A

Specific regions of earth identified by their climate and life forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tropical Forest

A

Climate: High temperature, heavy rainfall
Vegetation: tall trees
Animals: frog, monkey, toucan, sloth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Savannas

A

Climate: Tropical, high temperature, less rainfall than tropical rainforest
Vegetation: grasslands, scattered trees
Animals: lion, elephant, hippo, giraffe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Desert

A

Climate:Hot, dry
Vegetation: cacti, succulents
Animals: snake, mice, lizards

22
Q

Grassland

A

Climate: Season droughts,occasional fires, less water and lower temperatures than savannas
Vegetation:grasses
Animals: prairie dogs, bison, buffalo, antelope

23
Q

Deciduous Forest

A

Climate: warm summer, cold winters, moderate precipitation
Vegetation: Deciduous trees
Animals: bear, badger, hedgehog, deer

24
Q

Coniferous Forest (evergreen)

A

Climate: cold winters, heavy snow
Vegetation: cone-bearing trees
Animals: bear, moose

25
Q

Tundra

A

Climate: very cold, permafrost, high winds, little rainfall
Vegetation: grasses, sedges
Animals: reindeer, arctic fox, polar bear

26
Q

Chaparral (scrub forest)

A

Climate: temperate, heat in summers, fires
Vegetation:bushes, shrubs, oak trees
Animals: bear, deer, mountain lion, hawk

27
Q

Ecosystem

A

a given area’s abiotic and biotic features

28
Q

Abiotic

A

non-living; sun, minerals

29
Q

Biotic

A

living; fungus, plants

30
Q

community

A

different populations of species living in the same area

31
Q

Ecological succession

A

The change in an environment following a disturbance ( fire, volcano)

32
Q

NICHE

A

an organisms habitat and role in that habitat

33
Q

Energy flow

A

Energy enters an ecosystem as light and is converted to chemical energy like sugar by plants. It will be lost from the ecosystem as heat

34
Q

Food chain

A

pathway of food transfer from one trophic level to another

35
Q

Food web

A

a pattern of feeding of an ecosystem’s interconnected food chains

36
Q

10% energy efficiency rule

A

only about 10% of the energy in one trophic level is passed to the next level

37
Q

Energy pyramid

A

emphasizes energy loss from each trophic level

38
Q

Why are most food chains limited to only 3 or 4 levels

A

There is not enough energy at the top of the energy pyramid to support another trophic level

39
Q

number pyramid

A

Depicts the number of organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem

40
Q

chemical cycles

A

A series of steps between organisms and their environment to cycle nutrients in an ecosystem.

41
Q

Carbon cycle process

A 
photosynthesis-
input CO2
output C6 H12 O6 (sugars)
consumption-
input C6 H12 O6 (sugars)
output CO2, waste
cell respiration
input C6 H12 O6
output CO2
decomposition
input waste
output CO2
42
Q

condensation

A

process of water vapor cooling to form clouds

43
Q

evaporation

A

process of liquid water becoming a gas

44
Q

precipitation

A

process of water vapor condensing and falling to Earth

45
Q

transpiration

A

process when water vapor exits plant leaves through the stomata

46
Q

Biological magnification

A

Causes: Process when the concentration of toxins accumulate through trophic levels of a food chain. Phenomenon in which the concentration of a toxin in each organism of food chain is increased
Damaging results: Rachel Carson noticed DDT affected ability to make thick egg shell, shells break when birds sit to warm them

47
Q

Ozone depletion

A

Causes: Accumulation of chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) an freon (used in air conditioning, fridge, and styro foam
Damaging results: skin cancer, eye issues, immune systems, plants trees

48
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

Causes: Accumulation of CO2 in atmosphere that blankets the earth trapping in the sun’s heat
Damaging results: melting glaciers, floods. warm tundra permafrost, increase fire, coral reef bleach, disease spread ( malaria, mosquito)

49
Q

Deforestation

A

Causes: two acres of rain forest destroyed every second

Damaging results: loss of biodiversity, climate change, mine, build roads, oil drilling

50
Q

Acid rain

A

Causes: excessive sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide from exhaust.
SOx and NOx compounds released from factory exhaust
Damaging results: ruins the soil for plants, destroy monuments and corrodes cars

51
Q

Population

A

Causes:women who don’t have education or opportunity have more kids. China/india have most population. Have many children to have more workers for the family.
Damaging results: Population relates to poverty. Many kids will die
Solution: female literacy, give education and job

Biology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions