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Biology Semester2 > Ecology > Flashcards

Ecology Flashcards

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1
Q

Primary consumer

A

Consumes producers herbivores

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2
Q

Secondary consumer

A

Consumes primary consumers for energy

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3
Q

Tertiary consumer

A

Consume secondary consumers for energy

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4
Q

Decomposed

A

Detritivores consume detritus (dead material)

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5
Q

Tundra

A 
Cold dry
Few seasons 
no trees 
permafrost 
thin soil
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6
Q

Boreal Forrest taiga

A

Cold and dry
short growing season long winter
conifers Caribou deer
cold and dry soil

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7
Q

Temperate deciduous Forrest

A

Temperance
regular rainfall
cold winter warm summer
deciduous trees birds Fox rich soil

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8
Q

Grassland

A

Temperate to warm
not very much rain
winter and summer seasons grasses
few trees bison cattle sheep the top soil
savannas have more rain are warmer and have lions and giraffes and more trees

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9
Q

Desert

A

Hot
little to no rain
no seasons
cactuses small rodents nocturnal animals poor soil

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10
Q

Rain Forrest

A

Hot eighties to nineties
high precipitation
no seasons
coast their tall trees monkeys birds reptiles insects
in a temperate forest it’s cooler there more seasons and it’s on the Pacific American

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11
Q

Marine

A

Generally saltwater connect ocean salt water title zone to ocean depths

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12
Q

Batesian

A

Harmless species imitates a dangerous one

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13
Q

Müllerian

A

Danger species look similar

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14
Q

Mimicry

A

Species resemble

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15
Q

Predation

A

Only successful one can survive predators capture food play hide escape and defend themselves

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16
Q

Competition

A

Compete for same niche or resource

  1. competitive exclusion one species removed
  2. resource partitioning several use parts of the available resources
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17
Q

Symbiosis

A

Close association between two or more different species or organisms

18
Q

Mutualism

A

Everyone benefits

19
Q

Commensalism

A

One organism benefits while the other is unaffected

20
Q

Parasitism

A

One benefits the other is harmed parasite feeds on the host

21
Q

Succession

A

The change in the species structure of a community overtime

22
Q

Pioneer organism

A

First organisms to establish populations

reproduce rapidly fill niches

23
Q

Biodiversity

A

The diversity of an ecological community

24
Q

Benefits of biodiversity

A

Increases stability of an ecosystem
resilience and ability to adapt to the disruptions

ecosystem services acetic and recreational value useful products

25
Q

Population dispersal

A

How individual organisms are arranged

clumped random uniform

26
Q

Population age distribution

A

Relative distribution of ages by age of population

27
Q

Exponential growth

A

Rate becomes more rapid in proportion to total number or size

28
Q

Linear

A

Regular growth with each time step

29
Q

Lag

A

Constant before new energy

30
Q

Log

A

Fast exponential growth

31
Q

Stationary

A

Population is constant

32
Q

Death

A

Population declines

33
Q

Growth curve

A

When new energy source is made available and the population fluctuates

34
Q

Population density

A

How many organisms there are per-unit area

density equals number divided by area

35
Q

Age structure

A

Young populations grow faster than old populations

36
Q

Carbon

A 
Respiration 
carbon dioxide and water 
producers photosynthesis 
glucose and oxygen 
repeat
37
Q

Nitrogen

A 
Ammonium NH 4+ 
Nitrifies
nitrates NO 3  
producers 
organisms
38
Q

Water

A

Precipitation– runoff – percolation (enters soil)

Transpiration is evaporation from plants

39
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

The warming of the atmosphere when gases absorb infrared radiation and slow escape from earths surface

40
Q

Human impact

A

Burn fossil fuels

deforestation

41
Q

Effects of greenhouse

A

The temperatures rise and water levels rise

42
Q

Producer

A

Photosynthesis gets energy from light source

Biology Semester2 (7 decks)

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