Ecology

Question 1

What are the seven signs of life?

Answer 1

Movement, Respiration, Sensing, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition (MRS GREN)

Question 2

Where does most of the energy for life come from?

Answer 2

The sun

Question 3

Which reaction is used by most producers to store energy?

Answer 3

Photosynthesis

Question 4

True or false: all living things carry out respiration

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Where in the cell does aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 5

Mitochondria

Question 6

Where in the cell does anaerobic respiration occur?

Answer 6

Cytoplasm

Question 7

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 7

Carbon dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen

Question 8

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 8

Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + Water

Question 9

What is the purpose of respiration

Answer 9

Provides energy for other life processes

Question 10

What is the name for the polymer made from glucose that is used to store energy?

Answer 10

Starch

Question 11

What is the chemical test for starch?

Answer 11

Iodine solution turns black

Question 12

Name two enzymes that break down starch

Answer 12

Amylase, carbohydrase

Question 13

A polymer is a large chemical made up of repeat units with what name?

Answer 13

Monomers

Question 14

Which part of a plant typically has the most starch?

Answer 14

The root (or tuber)

Question 15

In a food chain, what do the arrows represent?

Answer 15

The transfer of energy

Question 16

Define a producer

Answer 16

An organism that produces its own nutrients

Question 17

Define a consumer

Answer 17

An organism that gets its nutrients from other organisms

Question 18

Define a herbivore

Answer 18

An organism adapted to consume plants

Question 19

Define carnivore

Answer 19

An organism adapted to consume animals

Question 20

Define a predator

Answer 20

An animal that hunts other animals

Question 21

Define prey

Answer 21

An animal that is hunted by other animals

Question 22

Define apex predator

Answer 22

An organism at the end of the food chain, which has no natural predators

Question 23

What is the technical term for each layer of a food chain / web?

Answer 23

A trophic level

Question 24

If the number of prey species decrease, what is likely to happen to their predators?

Answer 24

After a delay, the predator species will also decline

Question 25

What is the name for a graph showing the population in each level of a food chain?

Answer 25

Pyramid of numbers

Question 26

What is the name for a graph showing the size of organism in each level of a food chain?

Answer 26

Pyramid of biomass

Question 27

Name the process by which a chemical can increase in concentration higher up a food chain

Answer 27

Bioaccumulation

Question 28

Give an example of a pesticide

Answer 28

DDT

Question 29

What is the name for the female reproductive system in a plant?

Answer 29

Carpel

Question 30

What is the name for the male reproductive system in a plant?

Answer 30

Stamen

Question 31

List the three components of the female reproductive system in a plant

Answer 31

Stigma, style, ovary

Question 32

List the two components of the male reproductive system in a plant

Answer 32

Anther, filament

Question 33

What is the purpose of a petal?

Answer 33

To attract pollinating species

Question 34

What is the purpose of a sepal

Answer 34

Protecting the flower until it blooms, and then supporting the flowerhead

Question 35

Name the male gamete in a plant

Answer 35

Pollen

Question 36

Name the female gamete in a plant

Answer 36

Ovules

Question 37

After fertilisation, what does the ovary become?

Answer 37

Fruit

Question 38

After fertilisation, what does the ovule become?

Answer 38

Zygote, then embryo, then seed

Question 39

What is the risk caused by having adjacent male and female reproductive organs?

Answer 39

Self-pollination

Question 40

How to plants avoid pollinating their own flowers

Answer 40

Either having separate male and female flowers, or having the male and female organs develop at different times.

Question 41

Name the two types of plant fertilisation

Answer 41

Insect pollination or wind pollination

Question 42

A brightly coloured flower is likely to be fertilised by?

Answer 42

Insects

Question 43

A flower with large fluffy parts is likely to be fertilised by?

Answer 43

Wind

Question 44

Asexual reproduction produces offspring identical to the parents. What are these called?

Answer 44

Clones

Question 45

List the main methods of seed dispersal

Answer 45

Wind, Animal (external), Animal (internal), Water, Explosive

Question 46

Characteristics that can be inherited must be controlled by what?

Answer 46

DNA

Question 47

The largest groups for classifying organisms are?

Answer 47

Domains

Question 48

Define a species

Answer 48

A group of organisms capable of producing fertile offspring

Question 49

What is the name for the infertile offspring of two similar species?

Answer 49

Hybrid (e.g. mule, liger, tigon)

Question 50

What is the name for the way in which an organism is suited to its habitat?

Answer 50

Adaptation