Acids And Alkalis

Question 1

What colour do acids turn litmus?

Answer 1

Red

Question 2

What colour do alkalis turn litmus?

Answer 2

Blue

Question 3

What colour do neutral solutions turn litmus?

Answer 3

Purple

Question 4

Give 3 examples of acids found in everyday life.

Answer 4

Fizzy drinks, vinegar, juice, battery acid

Question 5

Give 3 examples of alkalis found in everyday life.

Answer 5

Toothpaste, washing powder, hair dye, drain cleaner, bleach

Question 6

What colour will universal indicator be in acids

Answer 6

Red (strong acids) orange or yellow (weaker acids)

Question 7

What is the pH of a strong acid

Answer 7

0 or 1

Question 8

What is the pH of a neutral solution

Answer 8

7

Question 9

What is the pH of an acid?

Answer 9

<7

Question 10

What is the pH of an alkali?

Answer 10

> 7

Question 11

What is the pH of a strong alkali?

Answer 11

14

Question 12

What colour will universal indicator be in alkalis?

Answer 12

Blue or purple

Question 13

What colour will universal indicator be in neutral solutions?

Answer 13

Green

Question 14

What colour is red cabbage indicator in neutral solutions?

Answer 14

Purple

Question 15

What colour is red cabbage indicator in acids?

Answer 15

Red or pink

Question 16

What colour is red cabbage indicator in alkaline solutions?

Answer 16

Green

Question 17

Which element do all acids contain?

Answer 17

Hydrogen

Question 18

What contains hydroxide ions?

Answer 18

Alkaline solutions

Question 19

What reaction occurs if we add an acid to an alkali?

Answer 19

Neutralisation

Question 20

Sodium hydroxide makes what kind of salts?

Answer 20

“Sodium e.g. sodium chloride”

Question 21

Potassium hydroxide makes potassium salts

Answer 21

“Potassium e.g. potassium chloride”

Question 22

Acid + alkali -> ______ + ______

Answer 22

Salt + water

Question 23

What is a base?

Answer 23

Any substance that neutralises an acid forming salt + water

Question 24

Is an alkali a base?

Answer 24

Yes! It is a soluble base

Question 25

Why are insoluble bases usually preferred to alkalis where neutralisation is required? e.g. indigestion tablets, soil pH adjustment

Answer 25

If too much alkali is added it will dissolve and make an alkaline solution. If too much insoluble base is added, the substance remains neutral because it does not dissolve.

Question 26

Give some typical properties of metals

Answer 26

Strong, high melting point, good conductor of heat and electricity, shiny when polished.

Question 27

metal + acid ->

Answer 27

"Salt + Hydrogen (remember MASH!)"

Question 28

metal carbonate + acid ->

Answer 28

salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 29

What do you call a mixture if the solid settles out of the liquid if left to stand still?

Answer 29

Suspension

Question 30

What do you call a cloudy mixture where the solid does not settle out of the liquid if left to stand still?

Answer 30

Colloid

Question 31

What do you can a mixture where the solid is dissolved in a liquid

Answer 31

Solution

Question 32

What is a solution?

Answer 32

A mixture where a solid dissolves into a liquid

Question 33

When a solution contains the maximum amount of liquid that will dissolve in it, this is known as

Answer 33

Saturated

Question 34

What is solubility?

Answer 34

The amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given amount of liquid

Question 35

What do you call the substance that will dissolve in a liquid to make a solution

Answer 35

Solute

Question 36

What do you call a liquid into which other substances will dissolve

Answer 36

Solvent

Question 37

When a substance is dissolved in a liquid what happens to the overall mass?

Answer 37

Stays the same. Nothing "disappears" - you have the same number of atoms before and after.

Question 38

What happens to solubility as temperature increases?

Answer 38

It increases

Question 39

What happens to solubility as temperature increases?

Answer 39

It increases