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PL10967 > Ecologism > Flashcards

Ecologism Flashcards

1
Q

Principles of ecologism

A 
Survivalism
Limits to growth
Eco-centrism
Neo-Malthusian
Freedom brings ruin
Anti-capitalist
Veganism
Total liberation of all species
Anti-growth
Animal rights
Gaia hypothesis
Sustainable development
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2
Q

Define Gaia hypothesis

A

Interconnectedness of Earth
There is a balance to everything
Earth is an agent

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3
Q

Sustainable development

A

Intragenerational equality

Intergenerational equality

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4
Q

Arnold Naess

A

University of Oslo
Deep Ecologist
Develops term ecoloy

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5
Q

Schumacher

A

“Small is Beautiful”- 1974

Blends Buddhism with capitalism

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6
Q

Malthus

A

1789

Economic growth is outpaced by population growth ==> decreased living standard

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7
Q

Andre Gorz

A

Socialist
Environmental issues are due to capitalism
Need for a rational society wherein we produce what we need

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8
Q

Brundtland Report

A

World Commission for Economic Development (the report is named after the Norwegian PM who was the chair)

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9
Q

Eco-Feminism

A

Shiva

Male attitudes to growth lead to subjugation of the environment

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10
Q

Green Conservatism

A

Use of free market
Scruton
Traditions will protect the environment

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11
Q

Eco-Socialism

A

Watermelon- Green on the outside, red on the inside
Gorz
Capitalism is the creator of environmental damage

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12
Q

Green Liberalism

A

Use of free market
Regulation and taxes
(just green washing)

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13
Q

Social Ecology

A

Problem is with society and not with humans naturally

Bookchin founds the Institute for Sical Ecology in 1974

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14
Q

Critiques of ecologism

A

Too diluted?
Fascist tendencies
Middle class ideology
BRICS countries protest

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15
Q

Socialist critique

A

Need to focus on ending capitalism

Ecologism is just a distraction from the goals of socialism

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16
Q

What is the Gaia Hypothesis

A 
James Lovelock
Lynn Margulis
Gaia = Earth
Earth is a complex entity with agency
Non-human lives matter
Reaction to enlightenment not anthropocentric)
World is internconnected
17
Q

What is the tragedy of the commons

A

People are selfish
A commons will be overused because people don’t care about it
Private ownership is better?
Humans need to be controlled not to ruin the planet

18
Q

Hardin 1968

A

Therein is the tragedy. Each man is locked into a system that compels him to increase his herd without limit-in a world that is limited. Freedom in a commons brings ruin to all’

PL10967 (4 decks)

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