ecological theory

Question 1

• is the layer nearest the child. It comprises structures which the child directly interacts with. It includes structures such as one’s family, school and neighborhood.
• The microsystem covers the most basic relationships and interactions that a child has in his/her immediate environment.

Answer 1

the microsystem

Question 2

• The child affected by the behavior and beliefs of the parents; however, the child also affects the behavior and beliefs of the parent.

Answer 2

bi-directional influences

Question 3

• This is quite similar to what Erikson termed as “mutuality” in his psychological theory.

Answer 3

mutuality

Question 4

• This layer serves as the connection between the structures of the child’s microsystem.

Answer 4

the mesosystem

Question 5

• This layer refers to the bigger social system in which the child does not function directly. This includes the city government, the workplace, and the mass media.
• The structures in this layer structures in the child’s microsystem. This includes the circumstances of the parent’s work life the location, schedules.

Answer 5

the exosystem

Question 6

• This layer is found in the outermost part in the child’s environment
• The macrosystem includes the cultural values, customs, and laws. The belief system contained in one’s macrosystem permeates all the interactions in the other layers and reaches the individual.

Answer 6

the macrosystem

Question 7

• The chronosystem covers the element of time as it relates to a child’s environments. This involves “patterns of stability and change” in the child’s life.
• This involves whether the child’s day is characterized by an orderly predictable pattern, or whether the child is subjected to sudden changes in routine.

Answer 7

the chronosystem