Ecological Applications Flashcards
Ecosystem Services (4)
Supporting Services
Provisioning Services
Regulating Services
Cultural Services
Supporting Services (4)
Habitat Provision
Soil Formation
Nutrient Cycling
Provisioning Services (4)
Food
Fuel
Timber
Fiber
Regulating Services (3)
Climate Regulation
Flood Regulation
Water Purification
Cultural Services (3)
Educational
Recreational
Aesthetic
Resource Management and Conservation Schemes (7)
Debt for Nature Swap
Good Agricultural Practices
Public-Private Partnerships
Economic Valuation
Payment for Ecosystem Services
Environment Impact Assessment
Protected Area System
an agreement that reduces a developing country’s debt stock or service in exchange for a commitment to protect nature from the debtor-government
Debt for Nature Swaps
Debt for Nature Swaps Projects in the Philippines (2)
on June 6, 1988, the World Wide Fund (WWF) signed a $900K debt-for-nature swap through the HARIBON Foundation to protect and manage protected areas.
on July 26, 2013, the US signed a $32M debt-for-nature swap to protect rainforests in the Philippines.
on ____, the World Wide Fund (WWF) signed a $900K debt-for-nature swap through the HARIBON Foundation to protect and manage protected areas.
June 6, 1988
on ___, the US signed a $32M debt-for-nature swap to protect rainforests in the Philippines.
July 26, 2013
a certifying division that ensures food safety and assures the quality of agricultural products while keeping high regard for environmental protection and that of workers’ health, safety, and welfare.
Good Agricultural Practices
GAP regulates the following: (7)
Site History and Management
Planting Material (Propagation Material)
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)
Fertilizers and Soil Additives
Water (Irrigation/Fertigation)
Chemicals (Insecticide, Pesticide, Herbicide)
Harvesting and Handling Produce
partnerships between private business stakeholders and government agencies for environmental protection.
Private-Public Partnership
ecological services are monetized to show the economic value of the resource. This will highlight the importance of the resource and may lead to its protection.
Economic Valuation
Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES)
occurs when a beneficiary of an ecosystem service makes a direct or indirect payment to the payment for services received.
Mangroves provide, ___, ___, ___, ___, and ___ from strong waves. (5)
food, livelihood, shelter, medicine, protection
Environmental Impact Assessment
a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural, and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
recognizes the critical importance of protecting and maintaining the natural, biological, and physical diversities of the environment notably in areas with biologically unique features to sustain human life and development.
RA 7586 National Integrated Protected Areas
System (NIPAS)
Under RA 7586 National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) (8)
Strict Nature Reserve
Natural Park
Natural Monument
Wildlife Sanctuary
Protected Landscapes and Seascapes
Resource Reserve
Natural Biotic Areas
Areas Established by Law
241,495.92 hectares of marine and terrestrial areas
only nesting site of green sea turtles in the Philippines
only major nesting ground in the ASEAN region
11th major nesting site in the world
Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary (Sulu, Tawi-Tawi)
refers to any substance that negatively impacts the environment or organisms that live within the affected environment.
Pollution
Types of Pollution (3)
Water Pollution
Air Pollution
Soil Pollution
Impacts of Pollution (2)
Health Effects
Environmental Effects
Health Effects (4)
Reproductive Problems
Respiratory Problems
Neurological Problems
Immune Problems
Environmental Effects (5)
Acid Rain
Eutrophication
Haze
Crop and Forest Damage
Global Climate Change
Mechanisms to Reduce Pollutants (2)
International Mechanisms
Local Mechanisms
International Mechanisms (5)
Binding and Unbinding Legal Instruments
Conventions
Clean Development
Conference of Parties
Reduction of Emission Due to Deforestation and Degradation (RED+)
Local Mechanisms (1)
Legislation
International Mechanisms: Conventions (5)
Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, Vienna, 1985
London Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter, London, 1972
Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially, as Waterfowl Habitat, Ramsar, 1971
World Heritage Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, Paris, 1972
The Kyoto Protocol, Kyoto, Japan, 1997
Local Mechanisms: Legislation
Republic Act 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
Republic Act 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
Republic Act 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
Republic Act 6969 Toxic Substances, Hazardous, and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
Presidential Decree 1586 Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) of 1978
Local Mechanisms: Legislation
Republic Act 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
Republic Act 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
Republic Act 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
Republic Act 6969 Toxic Substances, Hazardous, and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
Presidential Decree 1586 Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) of 1978
to return the environmental conditions to its original state.
Restoration
acknowledges that vegetation was permanently altered but attempts to return a self-sustaining community as close as possible to the original.
Rehabilitation
Restoration
National Greening Program
- Plant 1.5B Trees
Filipinovation on Coral Reef Restoration
Rehabilitation (4)
Rehabilitation of the Pasig River
Rehabilitation of Manila Bay
Rehabilitation of Laguna Lake
Rehabilitation of Mining Sites
Considerations of Restoring and Rehabilitating the Environment (3)
Biophysical Aspects
Socio-Economic Aspects
Ecological Aspects
Considerations of Restoring and Rehabilitating the Environment (3)
Biophysical Aspects
Socio-Economic Aspects
Ecological Aspects
Biophysical Aspects (4)
Soil Quality
Water Quality
Air Quality
Extent of Degradation
Socio-Economic Aspects (4)
Livelihood Change
Likelihood of Change
Equity Considerations
Alternative Livelihood
Ecological Aspects (4)
Native Species/Seedlings
Landscape Consideration
Habitat for Wildlife
Introduction of Lost Species
Successful Restoration and Rehabilitation Sites (2)
Rio Tuba, Bataraza, Palawan; Palawan Mining Rehabilitation; 2010-Present
Apo Island, Mindoro; Apo Island Marine Reserve; 1986-Present
