ECM Flashcards
why do cells not exist in isolation?
either in contact with other cells or the environment
what is the structural fibres of animals in ECM?
collagens and elastins
what are the components of the collagens and elastins?
proteoglycans
what are the adhesive molecules in animal ECM?
fibronectins and laminins
what are the two components of the ECM?
fibrous and ground substance
what is the purpose of the ECM?
gives shape and form and protects against pathogens or physical damage
where is collagen located in the genome?
20 different genes over 7 chromosomes
which type of collagen is the strongest and where is it found?
type I and in bones, skin, tendons and the cornea
what is the fundamental makeup of collagen fibres?
made out of fibrils which are collagen molecules, which are made of 3 alpha helixes
where is elastin made?
embryoinic and juvenile fibroblasts
how is elastin damaged?
by UV
what are two elastin disorders?
marfan syndrome and cutis laxa
what are proteoglycans?
carbohydrates with a protein backbone and a hylauronic acid core
why are proteoglycans important in joints?
they are highly viscous
what is the function of the ground substance?
acts as a sieve so that protein and bacteria cannot penetrate
how are proteoglycans important to cellular receptors?
growth factors sequestered and presented to cells by proteoglycans
what is the function of the basal lamina?
separates the epithelial cells from connective tissue
what is some uses of the basal lamina?
structural support, filtration, morphogenesis
where is the basal lamina used for filtration?
in the kidney glomeruli
how is the basal lamina affected during cancer formation?
laminin binding changes in cancer cells
